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Bull Mountains Mine

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Summary

Mine TypeUnderground
StatusActive
Commodities
  • Coal (thermal)
Mining Method
  • Longwall
  • Room-and-pillar
  • Continuous
Production Start... Lock
Mine Life... Lock
SnapshotThe Bull Mountains Mine is a world-class mining complex and the only active underground coal mine in Montana. The surface of the current permit area is a mix of private, state, and federally owned land. The facility includes an on-site wash plant (also known as Black Otter), a rail loop designed to hold up to 150-car unit trains, and a batch weigh-bin rail loading facility that can load a 130-car unit train in about two hours.

On June 6, 2025, The U.S. Interior Department approved a plan by Signal Peak Energy to expand coal mining, as it responded to President Donald Trump's energy-emergency directives.

The approval authorizes the recovery of 22.8 million metric tons of federal coal and 34.5 million tons of adjacent non-federal coal, extending the life of the Bull Mountains mine.

Owners

SourceSource
CompanyInterestOwnership
Signal Peak Energy LLC (operator) 100 % Direct
Signal Peak Energy, LLC owns and operates the Bull Mountains Mine No.1 underground coal mine.

Signal Peak Energy LLC, a subsidiary of Global Mining Group, LLC, is 51% owned by a Boich Companies entity and 49% owned by Pinesdale, LLC, a wholly-owned affiliate of Gunvor Group Ltd., one of the world’s leading commodity traders.

Deposit type

  • Sedimentary

Summary:

The geology in the Bull Mountains Basin ranges in age from Precambrian to recent alluvial deposits. Some geologic units are missing due to erosion or non-deposition. Geologic units younger than Precambrian in age may be more than 10,000 feet thick (Jensen 1972). The Paleocene Fort Union Formation comprises the bedrock of the study area and also contains the Mammoth Coal bed. The Fort Union Formation is composed of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, claystone, and coal beds (Mapel and Swanson 1977; Roberts et al. 1999).

Structure
The Bull Mountains Basin is an asymmetric west to east trending syncline with steeper dipping beds on the north limb (Dobbin and Erdmann 1946). The axis of the basin generally parallels the Musselshell River. Wilde and Porter (2008) did not map faults in the study area, but there are northwest to southeast striking normal faults several miles west of the study area. This area of faulting, which extends north of the Musselshell River, also contains northwest to southeast trending anticlines. The study area includes a gently folded syncline that plunges northwest at about 1 degree. Faulting with significant offset is not present within the study area.

The Mammoth Coal is continuous throughout the study area with a thickness that ranges from 8 to 12.5 feet. Where the Mammoth Coal merges with the Rehder Coal in the eastern portion of the planned mine, the coal beds have a combined thickness of 13 to 16 feet (WET 2024a). The Mammoth Coal has been dewatered by mining over a large portion of the study area but is saturated north and east of the mine where it is typically under confined conditions. The Mammoth Coal is part of the regional groundwater flow system that flows northwest toward the Musselshell River.

Reserves

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Mining Methods

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Heavy Mobile Equipment

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Comminution

Crushers and Mills

Milling equipment has not been reported.

Processing

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Commodity Production

CommodityUnits202520242023202220212020201920182017
Coal (thermal) tons  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe7,019,1297,566,4805,883,820
All production numbers are expressed as clean coal.

Operational metrics

Metrics202520242020
Hourly processing capacity  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe
Raw coal annual capacity  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe

Production Costs

Commodity production costs have not been reported.

Personnel

Mine Management

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Feb 20, 2026
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Workforce

EmployeesYear
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Aerial view:

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