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Australia

Dawson Mine

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Overview

Mine TypeOpen Pit
StatusActive
Commodities
  • Coal (metallurgical)
  • Coal (thermal)
  • Coal (coking)
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
  • Dragline
  • Highwall
Production Start1961
Mine Life2047
SnapshotDawson Mine is an open-cut steelmaking coal operation consisting of three active pits — North, Central, and South. It is one of the oldest coal mining sites in Central Queensland.

Dawson was the first mine in Australia to export coal to Japan in 1961 and to introduce draglines into its operation in 1963.

Owners

SourceSource
CompanyInterestOwnership
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 49 % Indirect
Anglo American plc. (operator) 51 % Indirect
As of December 2024, the Dawson mine is a joint operation between Anglo American (represented by either Anglo Coal (Dawson) Limited or Anglo Coal (Dawson South) Pty Ltd) and Mitsui Moura Investment Pty Ltd. and is operated by Anglo American.

On November 25, 2024, PT Delta Dunia Makmur Tbk, through its subsidiary BUMA International, has signed a binding agreement with Peabody Energy Corporation to acquire a 51% stake in the Dawson Complex. Dawson, part of Anglo American’s Steelmaking Coal portfolio, is being sold to Peabody under a separate agreement, with Peabody set to transfer ownership to BUMA International after completing its transaction with Anglo American.

These transactions are expected to be completed in 2025.

Contractors

ContractorContractDescriptionRef. DateExpirySource
Macmahon Holdings Ltd. Mining In 2024, Macmahon Holdings was reappointed as the mining contractor of Anglo American’s Dawson South project. Macmahon is the incumbent mining contractor at the Dawson South project and will continue to provide open cut mining services utilising the current Macmahon workforce, including load and haul and equipment maintenance under the new contract. The contract commences on 1 July 2024 for a period of up to three years. Jul 1, 2024 2027
Stanwell Corporation Limited Power supply Anglo American’s steelmaking coal business in Australia will be powered by 100 per cent renewable energy from 2025, as part of a 10-year deal with Queensland government-owned energy generator Stanwell. The deal will power all electrical equipment at Anglo American’s mines in Moranbah, Middlemount and Moura, coal preparation facilities, lighting and ventilation and cooling infrastructure, water treatment plant and administration facilities. Nov 16, 2022 10

Deposit type

  • Sedimentary

Summary:

The Dawson deposit is located towards the south eastern corner of the basin, with structural disturbance and faulting increasing to the north, and depositional complexity, shown by an increase in split seams, to the south. The Dawson opencast operation extracts coal from the Baralaba Coal Measures, which contain seven main seams referred to by letter designations: X, A, B, C, D, E and F. All except the X and F seams have been mined.

Dawson Mine is located in the Bowen Basin, approximately 200 km south-west of Gladstone, Queensland, on the eastern limb of the Mimosa Syncline. The project targets five coal seams (A, B, C, D, E in order of geological age from youngest to oldest) belonging to the late Permian-aged Baralaba Coal Measures (BCM). The seams dip broadly to the west at around 10° with several splits and coalescences. Interburden lithologies are predominantly alluvial floodplain facies consisting of lithofelspathic sandstone, siltstone, coal, and tuff (Leisemann et al., 1992). Underlying the BCM is the Kaloola Member (KM), which is characterised by abundant tuffs and thin, tuffaceous, non-economic coals interbedded with deltaic and prodeltaic siltstones and sandstones. The Kaloola Tuff, which is a stratigraphic marker horizon equivalent to the Yarrabee Tuff elsewhere in the Bowen Basin, is typically located within the E seam floor at a variable depth (Gonano, 1980).

The main regional structures in the Dawson Mine area are NNW-trending, thin-skinned, low-angle thrusts representing the southern part of the Jellinbah Thrust Belt, albeit with diminished complexity and severity (Sliwa et al., 2008). A subordinate minor thrust system varying in strike from WNW to EW is also present and is possibly the result of reactivation of basement fault systems during compressional tectonism. Minor EW normal faults are also observed but tend to lack lateral continuity. Large crossbedding structures are frequently encountered due to channel deposition and lateral migration discordant to seam structure. Other structures typical of a compressive tectonic environment and present in the Dawson Mine area include bedding plane shears, low-angle reverse faults, and thrust ramps with minor seam displacement. Locally within the pit 6-8 area, faults are NW-to-NNW trending thrusts.

Reserves at December 31, 2024

CategoryTonnage CommodityMarketable Coal
Proven 125.3 Mt Coal (metallurgical) 56.2 Mt
Proven 125.3 Mt Coal (thermal) 39.7 Mt
Probable 96.1 Mt Coal (metallurgical) 45.4 Mt
Probable 96.1 Mt Coal (thermal) 27.5 Mt
Proven & Probable 221.5 Mt Coal (metallurgical) 101.6 Mt
Proven & Probable 221.5 Mt Coal (thermal) 67.3 Mt
Measured 297.3 Mt Coal (metallurgical & thermal)
Indicated 457.3 Mt Coal (metallurgical & thermal)
Measured & Indicated 754.6 Mt Coal (metallurgical & thermal)
Inferred 253.3 Mt Coal (metallurgical & thermal)

Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
  • Dragline
  • Highwall

Summary:

Dawson mine is a large open-cut coal mining operation in Queensland that historically had been operated as a strip mine, with multiple draglines exposing coal in a westerly direction and dumping spoil to the east. In response to a shortage of dump space, insufficient progress with progressive rehabilitation and the ongoing disturbance of land, the operation made changes to address these increasing closure liabilities. This included backfilling depleted open pits, which involved changing the fleet for this part of the mine to truck and shovel.

Highwall mining is a low cost, low impact mining method to extract otherwise uneconomic coal at the end of an open cut pit life. It has been extensively used in the USA and Australia including at Glencore’s Newlands and Ulan mines and Anglo American’s Dawson mine.

Comminution

Crushers and Mills

Milling equipment has not been reported.

Processing

  • CHPP
  • Spiral concentrator / separator
  • Flotation
  • Dense media separation

Summary:

Dawson Coal plant is the largest coal handling and preparation plant (CHPP) in Australia. The raw coal system accepts coal from three separate mine sources delivered by an overland conveyor system, with the CHPP processing at 2000 tonnes per hour in two stage mode and up to 3400 tonnes per hour in single stage mode. The state-of the-art plant contains dense medium cyclones, spirals and flotation circuits. The product coal is loaded via high capacity automated reclaimers to a new rail load out facility.

Production

CommodityUnits20242023202220212020201920182017
Coal (thermal) t 1,712,5442,234,7871,737,4162,681,9862,253,5052,152,1451,858,0593,087,346
Coal (coking) t 4,639,0974,747,4692,787,1404,352,7225,735,8784,982,5104,416,1975,927,868
All production numbers are expressed as clean coal.

Operational metrics

Metrics20242023202220212020201920182017
Coal tonnes mined 8,786,474 t9,215,373 t6,087,247 t8,979,575 t10,555,571 t9,925,466 t8,659,475 t12,127,655 t
Tonnes processed 8,765,201 t9,146,831 t6,100,998 t9,168,390 t10,394,706 t9,530,632 t8,435,228 t12,075,884 t

Production Costs

Commodity production costs have not been reported.

Heavy Mobile Equipment

HME TypeModelSizeQuantityLeased or
Contractor
Ref. DateSource
Dragline Bucyrus-Erie 1370 Dec 5, 2022
Dragline Marion 8200 Dec 5, 2022
Excavator Hitachi EX5600 2 Nov 19, 2022
Truck (dump) - EV Komatsu 830E 14 Jun 15, 2017
Truck (haul) Caterpillar 797 23 Oct 2, 2019
Truck (haul) Liebherr T 264 240 t 9 Leased Dec 18, 2020
EV - Electric

Personnel

Mine Management

Job TitleNamePhoneEmailProfileRef. Date
CHPP Manager Julia O'Neill LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
HME Manager Luke Wilkie LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
Mine Superintendent Shane Powell LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
Mining Manager Adam Routledge LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
Mobile Equipment Maintenance Superintendent Greg Groves LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
Planning Superintendent Craig Lowe LinkedIn Mar 11, 2025
Technical Services Manager Daniel Martin (07)-3834-1322 daniel.martin@angloamerican.com LinkedIn Mar 28, 2024

EmployeesTotal WorkforceYear
645 2022
645 2021
645 2020
1,300 2019

Aerial view: