The Cameby Downs is located on the eastern flank of the northern Surat Basin, which stratigraphically overlies the Bowen Basin. The Surat Basin comprises Jurassic to Cretaceous aged sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones deposited in a predominantly fluvio-lacustrine depositional environment.

The oldest sediments throughout the Surat Basin are the early to middle Jurassic aged Precipice Sandstone, Evergreen Formation, and Hutton Sandstone. These units subcrop approximately 25 km northeast of the Project area and dip to the southwest. Within the Cameby Downs area, these units are between 600 m to 1,100 m below ground level (mbGL). The Hutton Sandstone is unconformably overlain by the Eurombah Formation, which in turn is overlain by the Walloon Coal Measures. The Eurombah Formation is approximately 95 m thick in the Project area and comprises lithic conglomeratic sandstone with mudstone and siltstone beds.

The Cameby Downs Mine intersects coal seams associated with the Walloon Coal Measures of the Injune Creek Group. The Walloon Coal Measures subcrop in a broad, northwest trending arc, up to 70 km wide along the northeast and northern margins of the Surat Basin. The Walloon Coal Measures are further split into three distinct units, the Juandah Coal Measures, Tangalooma Sandstone, and the Taroom Coal Measures. The existing Cameby Downs Mine and the Project target the economic coal seams (i.e. Kogan, Macalister and Wambo seams) of the Juandah Coal Measures.

The Walloon Coal Measures are unconformably overlain by the late Jurassic Kumbarilla Beds, which are stratigraphic equivalent of the Springbok Sandstone, Westbourne Formation and the Gubberamunda Sandstone. Only the Springbok Sandstone is present in the Cameby Downs Operations area, and outcrops in the northern part of the area. The Springbok Sandstone comprises labile sandstones, siltstone, mudstone and some conglomerate. The Springbok Sandstone thickens to the southwest with the general dip of stratigraphy. The Westbourne Formation and the Gubberamunda Sandstone occur as outcrop 7 km southwest (down-dip) of the Project, but do not occur in the Project area.

The following main stratigraphic units occur within the Cameby Downs Operations area and surrounds (from oldest to youngest):
- Walloon Coal Measures;
- Springbok Sandstone;
- Tertiary sediments; and
- Quaternary sediments.

Walloon Coal Measures.
The Walloon Coal Measures, part of the Injune Creek Group, unconformably overly the Eurombah Sandstone. The Walloon Coal Measures subcrop in a broad, northwest trending arc, up to 70 km wide along the northeast and northern margins of the Surat Basin. The sub-group is separated in to three stratigraphic units. The lowermost unit in the Project area is the Taroom Coal Measures. The unit is up to 145 m thick in the Project area and comprises sub-labile, medium grained sandstone grading upwards to interbedded sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and coal. The Tangalooma Sandstone is approximately 50 m thick and conformably overlies the Taroom Coal Measures. The unit comprises lithic, labile, medium grained sandstone with an argillaceous matrix and numerous intra-formational conglomerate beds.

The uppermost unit of the Walloon Coal Measures in the Cameby Downs Operations area is the Juandah Coal Measures which comprises lithic, labile sandstone interbedded with siltstone, mudstone and coal. Coal deposition is more frequent towards top of the unit. The Juandah Coal Measures are up to 220 m thick.

The Walloon Coal Measures subcrop in the north east of the area and dip between one and three degrees to the southwest. The subcrop forms the northeast boundary of the proposed open cut mine. The main economic coal seams in the region are within the Walloon Coal Measures and include the target coal seams for the Cameby Downs as well as for CSG production within the region (OGIA, 2016).

The Juandah Coal Measures occur at depths of between 30 mbGL to 125 mbGL in the Cameby Downs area and are the coal seams being mined at the Cameby Downs. Exploration drilling has identified three coal horizons and 12 individual coal seams, including:
- Kogan (KG1, KG2, KG3, and KG4);
- Macalister (MA1, MA2T, MA2B, MA3, and MA4); and
- Wambo (WM1, WM2, and WM3).

The Surat Basin is characterised by several anticlinal and synclinal structures that are largely controlled by reactivation of Triassic basement fault systems (QGC, 2012). One of these structures is the north-south trending Burunga-Leichhardt thrust fault, located approximately 12 km west of the Cameby Downs area.

MINING OPERATIONS
The Cameby Downs Mine operates under and involves operation of an open cut coal mine, CHPP and rail load-out infrastructure.

Open cut mining continues to target the Juandah Coal Measures coal seams. The approximate depth of the open cut pits is estimated to be between 40 to 110 m below natural ground level, and the approximate maximum height of the waste rock emplacements is anticipated to be up to 45 m above natural ground level.

Vegetation Clearing and Topsoil Salvage.
Vegetation clearing and topsoil salvage will continue to be conducted in accordance with procedures outlined in the existing Cameby Downs Mine Plan of Operations.

Vegetation will be progressively cleared ahead of the active open cut and waste rock emplacement areas. Topsoil will be stripped prior to excavation of underlying overburden. Where the topsoil cannot be directly used for progressive rehabilitation it will be stockpiled for use at a later date.

Overburden and Interburden Removal and Handling.
Weathered overburden will continue to be removed using dozerpush, excavators and haul trucks where possible. Competent waste rock material will be drilled and blasted before being dozer pushed to in-pit spoil dumps and/or loaded to haul trucks and dumped in-pit and on out-of-pit spoil dumps consistent with current mining methods at the Cameby Downs Mine.

The boxcuts undertaken as part of mine development will require waste rock to be dumped in out- of-pit spoil dumps. As mining progresses away from the boxcut, the upper spoil material will be trucked out-of-pit until there is sufficient working room within the excavation for in-pit spoil dumping. Dump and pit sequencing has been designed to ensure any final pit voids will be minimised.

ROM Coal Mining and Handling.
The Cameby Downs Mine will mine ROM coal from the four Kogan Seams (KG1, KG2, KG3 and KG4), the Macalister Coal Interval (MA1, MA2T, MA2B, MA3 and MA4), lying below the Kogan Coal Interval, and the Wambo Coal Interval (WM1 and WM2). The MA2 seam will always be mined and the relatively thin MA3 and MA4 seams will be extracted wherever possible.

ROM coal from the open cuts will be mined using loaders or excavators and trucked to the ROM coal stockpiles or direct to the crusher, consistent with current operations. Extensions to existing ROM coal haul roads and access roads will be constructed as required during the development.

The existing CHPP will be used to process ROM coal, with minor upgrades to increase the throughput rate (within the existing CHPP disturbance footprint).

Consistent with existing open cut operations, ROM coal from the open cut pits will be transported by haul truck or road train to be either stockpiled or loaded directly to a ROM bin before being conveyed to the CHPP for processing. Water sprays will continue to be used on the hopper and primary sizer to minimise dust emissions.

The Project will continue to mine a portion of ROM coal of suitable quality such that it can be sold directly without beneficiation other than sizing, referred to as bypass coal. The bypass coal circuit is located adjacent to the product stockpile.

Product coal will be conveyed to the existing product stockpile or direct to the train load-out facility. Product coal will be transported by rail to the Port of Brisbane via the Queensland Rail West Moreton System, consistent wit ........