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Location: 3 km SW from Hotazel, South Africa
Farm York A279HotazelSouth Africa
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Bold Moves 1715 (Pty) Ltd (25,5%) and Afris Manganese (Pty) Ltd (25,5%) are the two BEE entity partners.
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Kudumane is exploiting the manganese from the Hotazel Formation (Transvaal Supergroup). The Hotazel Formation consists primarily of the Banded Iron Formation (BIF). Three laterally continuous stratiform manganese layers are interbedded within the BIF; upper, middle and lower manganese bodies. The lower body represents the main ore bed and varies in thickness from 5 to 45m. The middle body contains uneconomic grades of manganese and is only 1 to 2 m thick at neighbouring mines. The upper body is mined on a local scale and averages between 5m and 20m thick. The ore layer dips gradually to the west at approximately eight degrees (Evans et al, 2001 as cited in Saad, 2010).The Hotazel Formation is underlain by basaltic lava of the Ongeluk Formation (Transvaal Supergroup) and directly overlain by dolomite of the Mooidraai Formation (Transvaal Supergroup); however, the extent of the dolomite within the study area is not fully understood.On a regional basis, the sedimentary rocks of the Transvaal Supergroup in the Northern Cape region are gently folded into a series of wide open synclinal (saucer-shaped) and anticlinal (dome-shaped) structures. The sequence generally dips at shallow angles, about eight degrees to the west (Evans et al, 2001 as cited in Saad, 2010) and has also been deformed by a series of north to south and to north-north-south to south-south-west trending normal faults.The main structural feature is represented by a north-east to south-west trending dyke that runs through the existing mining rights area (York and Telele). The dyke splits up into two entities, which continue roughly parallel to each other towards the south-west. The main resource is located on York to the north of the dykes. South of the dyke the resource is down-faulted by between 30m and 60m and largely eroded by younger Dwyka glacial activity. The mineralogy tests undertaken showed that the key minerals of each of the nine samples are consistent with the different lithological units mined at the site:• quartz, calcite, the weathered clay mineral smectite, and palygorskite (magnesium aluminium phyllosilicate) are dominant in samples of the Kalahari Formation (sand, calcrete, clay and quartzite);• quartz and calcite were also dominant in the Banded Iron Formation (BIF) sample, although 45% of the sample was made up of hematite; and• manganese ore sample was made up of bixbyite (44%), a manganese iron oxide mineral, calcite and kutnahorite (calcium manganese carbonate).
