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Location: 6 km S from N'Zoo, Guinea
Résidence Marine, 5e étage, Commune de DixinnConakryGuinea2046
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The Nimba and Simandou greenstone belts are significant structures within the Archaean basement in the Guinea-Liberia border area (Thiéblemont et al., 2004). The Nimba greenstone belt is a 1400 m-thick sequence of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks which extends for a total length of 45 km, with 25 km in Liberia and the remainder to the northeast along the border zone of Guinea and Côte d’Ivoire (Berge, 1974). Dating of detrital zircons in quartzite has placed the Nimba greenstone belt as latest Archaean to early Palaeoproterozoic (Billa et al., 1999), the same age as the Simandou belt in Guinea.Historically iron ore has been exploited from both the Liberian and the Guinean sectors of the Nimba greenstone belt. In Liberia, the main Nimba ore body, now mined out, was located in one of two parallel bands of Archaean BIF with a north-east strike (Berge et al., 1977). The rocks in the Nimba belt are divided into two major units, the Yekepa Supergroup, comprising gneisses and orthoamphibolites with a dominant north–south structural trend, and the younger Nimba Supergroup, which consists of a basal conglomerate overlain by amphibole schists of volcanic origin, succeeded by metasedimentary formations comprising phyllites, the Nimba itabirite and the iron ores (Berge, 1974). The contact between the Nimba Supergroup and the underlying Yekepa Supergroup was interpreted as a regional unconformity, similar to that observed in the Simandou area of Guinea, located about 100 km to the north (Berge, 1972).Before mining the ore body was 250–300 m thick, 800 m long and known to a depth of 670 m. The ore was formed as a result of alteration of the enclosing grey itabirite during metamorphism, although the role of post-metamorphic meteoric fluids is unclear.
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