Overview
Stage | Preliminary Economic Assessment |
Mine Type | Open Pit |
Commodities |
- Gold
- Copper
- Silver
- Molybdenum
|
Mining Method |
|
Mine Life | 10 years (as of Jan 1, 2017) |
ValOro has acquired a 100% interest in the Tepal Property by way of an Option to Purchase Agreement with Arian Silver Corp.
Defiance Silver Corp. and ValOro Resources Inc. announced that their friendly merger has completed effective on Monday, December 31, 2018. The combined company will continue under the name of Defiance Silver Corp.
Contractors
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Summary:
Mineralization on the Property is characteristic of porphyry copper-gold mineralization. Porphyry-type deposits in Mexico occur in a northwest trending belt 2,800 km long on the west side of the country, following the Pacific continental margin (Sillitoe, 1976). The belt is located in the Sonoran Basin and Range, Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre del Sur covering the states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Durango and Michoacán.
Mineralization on the Property consists of structurally controlled zones of stockwork and
disseminated sulphide mineralization that are hosted entirely within a multi-phase tonalite intrusive complex. These sulphide-bearing zones contain significant concentrations of copper and gold with lesser silver and molybdenum values. The current resources are hosted in three distinct zones: the relatively high-grade North and South Zones and the lower grade Tizate Zone.
Morphologically, two of the zones, the North and Tizate Zones, are crudely tabular with shallow to moderate dips. Both have rough dimensions of approximately 1,100 by 600 m and thicknesses of up to 200 m. The South Zone has a smaller footprint, 600 by 500 m, but a greater vertical extent of up to 400 m, although this is possibly the result of faulting.
In the North and South Zones some generations of veins within the structural deposits display a prominent 325° to 350° orientation parallel to the north-northwest fault trend. Dips are generally vertica ........

Summary:
Mining of the Tepal deposit is planned as a conventional open pit operation. Three pits are proposed: North, South and Tizate. Pit designs are double-benched. Haul roads and in-pit ramps are designed at 10% gradient and 30m width. 30m is sufficient for two-lane CAT 789D traffic. The ramp is narrowed to 23m (single-lane CAT 789D traffic) within 60m of the pit bottom to reduce waste stripping.
The mine plan uses a fleet of diesel equipment supplied by Caterpillar (Tracsa), Mexico. The fleet includes: 6050 hydraulic shovels, a 994H and 992K wheel loaders, 789D trucks, and MD6540 rotary drills as the primary mining equipment. The primary mining equipment would be supported by a fleet of track dozers, motor graders, a rubber tire dozer and water truck. A contract waste stripping fleet would be used to supplement the mine fleet in Years 6 through 10.
Source:
Flow Sheet:
Summary:

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Projected Production:
Commodity | Product | Units | Avg. Annual | LOM |
Gold
|
Metal in conc./ doré
|
koz
| 79 | 766 |
Copper
|
Metal in concentrate
|
M lbs
| ......  | ......  |
Copper
|
Concentrate
|
kt
| | ......  |
Silver
|
Metal in conc./ doré
|
koz
| ......  | ......  |
Operational Metrics:
Metrics | |
Stripping / waste ratio
| 0.6 * |
Daily mining rate
| 37.5 kt * |
Waste tonnes, LOM
| 52,464 kt * |
Ore tonnes mined, LOM
| 90,479 kt * |
Total tonnes mined, LOM
| 142,943 kt * |
Daily processing capacity
| 27,500 t * |
Daily processing rate
| 26.4 kt * |
Tonnes processed, LOM
| 90,479 kt * |
* According to 2017 study.
Reserves at February 24, 2017:
The Mineral Resources of the three deposits at a US$5/t equivalent value net smelter return (NSR) cut-off.
Category | Tonnage | Commodity | Grade | Contained Metal |
Measured
|
34,000 kt
|
Gold
|
0.48 g/t
|
528 koz
|
Measured
|
34,000 kt
|
Copper
|
0.25 %
|
185 M lbs
|
Measured
|
34,000 kt
|
Silver
|
0.95 g/t
|
|
Measured
|
34,000 kt
|
Molybdenum
|
0.002 %
|
|
Indicated
|
153,000 kt
|
Gold
|
0.26 g/t
|
1.276 koz
|
Indicated
|
153,000 kt
|
Copper
|
0.19 %
|
628 M lbs
|
Indicated
|
153,000 kt
|
Silver
|
1.67 g/t
|
|
Indicated
|
153,000 kt
|
Molybdenum
|
0.004 %
|
|
Measured & Indicated
|
187,000 kt
|
Gold
|
0.3 g/t
|
1.804 koz
|
Measured & Indicated
|
187,000 kt
|
Copper
|
0.2 %
|
813 M lbs
|
Measured & Indicated
|
187,000 kt
|
Silver
|
1.54 g/t
|
|
Measured & Indicated
|
187,000 kt
|
Molybdenum
|
0.004 %
|
|
Inferred
|
36,000 kt
|
Gold
|
0.16 g/t
|
181.7 koz
|
Inferred
|
36,000 kt
|
Copper
|
0.15 %
|
120.4 M lbs
|
Inferred
|
36,000 kt
|
Silver
|
1.68 g/t
|
|
Inferred
|
36,000 kt
|
Molybdenum
|
0.006 %
|
|
Corporate Filings & Presentations:
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