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Mexico
Tepal Project

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 Location:
11 km SW from Tepalcatepec, Michoacán, Mexico

  Project Contacts:
2300 - 1177 West Hastings Street
Vancouver
British Columbia, Canada
V6E 2K3
Phone  ...  Subscription required
Fax+1 (604) 408 7499
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WebsiteWeb
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  • Overview
  • Owners
  • Geology
  • Mining
  • Processing
  • Production
  • Reserves
  • Costs & Financials
  • Fleet
  • Personnel
  • Filings & News

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Overview

StagePreliminary Economic Assessment
Mine TypeOpen Pit
Commodities
  • Gold
  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Molybdenum
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
Mine Life10 years (as of Jan 1, 2017)


Owners

 
CompanyInterestOwnership
Defiance Silver Corp. 100 % Direct
ValOro has acquired a 100% interest in the Tepal Property by way of an Option to Purchase Agreement with Arian Silver Corp.
Defiance Silver Corp. and ValOro Resources Inc. announced that their friendly merger has completed effective on Monday, December 31, 2018. The combined company will continue under the name of Defiance Silver Corp.

Contractors

Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Deposit Type

  • Porphyry


Summary:

Mineralization on the Property is characteristic of porphyry copper-gold mineralization. Porphyry-type deposits in Mexico occur in a northwest trending belt 2,800 km long on the west side of the country, following the Pacific continental margin (Sillitoe, 1976). The belt is located in the Sonoran Basin and Range, Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre del Sur covering the states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Durango and Michoacán.

Mineralization on the Property consists of structurally controlled zones of stockwork and
disseminated sulphide mineralization that are hosted entirely within a multi-phase tonalite intrusive complex. These sulphide-bearing zones contain significant concentrations of copper and gold with lesser silver and molybdenum values. The current resources are hosted in three distinct zones: the relatively high-grade North and South Zones and the lower grade Tizate Zone.

Morphologically, two of the zones, the North and Tizate Zones, are crudely tabular with shallow to moderate dips. Both have rough dimensions of approximately 1,100 by 600 m and thicknesses of up to 200 m. The South Zone has a smaller footprint, 600 by 500 m, but a greater vertical extent of up to 400 m, although this is possibly the result of faulting.

In the North and South Zones some generations of veins within the structural deposits display a prominent 325° to 350° orientation parallel to the north-northwest fault trend. Dips are generally vertica ........


Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader


Summary:

Mining of the Tepal deposit is planned as a conventional open pit operation. Three pits are proposed: North, South and Tizate. Pit designs are double-benched. Haul roads and in-pit ramps are designed at 10% gradient and 30m width. 30m is sufficient for two-lane CAT 789D traffic. The ramp is narrowed to 23m (single-lane CAT 789D traffic) within 60m of the pit bottom to reduce waste stripping.

The mine plan uses a fleet of diesel equipment supplied by Caterpillar (Tracsa), Mexico. The fleet includes: 6050 hydraulic shovels, a 994H and 992K wheel loaders, 789D trucks, and MD6540 rotary drills as the primary mining equipment. The primary mining equipment would be supported by a fleet of track dozers, motor graders, a rubber tire dozer and water truck. A contract waste stripping fleet would be used to supplement the mine fleet in Years 6 through 10.


Crushing and Grinding
Source: Subscription required


Processing

Flow Sheet: Subscription required

Summary:

- subscription is required.


Projected Production:

CommodityProductUnitsAvg. AnnualLOM
Gold Metal in conc./ doré koz 79766
Copper Metal in concentrate M lbs  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Copper Concentrate kt  ......  Subscription required
Silver Metal in conc./ doré koz  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required

Operational Metrics:

Metrics
Stripping / waste ratio 0.6 *
Daily mining rate 37.5 kt *
Waste tonnes, LOM 52,464 kt *
Ore tonnes mined, LOM 90,479 kt *
Total tonnes mined, LOM 142,943 kt *
Daily processing capacity 27,500 t *
Daily processing rate 26.4 kt *
Tonnes processed, LOM 90,479 kt *
* According to 2017 study.

Reserves at February 24, 2017:
The Mineral Resources of the three deposits at a US$5/t equivalent value net smelter return (NSR) cut-off.

CategoryTonnage CommodityGradeContained Metal
Measured 34,000 kt Gold 0.48 g/t 528 koz
Measured 34,000 kt Copper 0.25 % 185 M lbs
Measured 34,000 kt Silver 0.95 g/t
Measured 34,000 kt Molybdenum 0.002 %
Indicated 153,000 kt Gold 0.26 g/t 1.276 koz
Indicated 153,000 kt Copper 0.19 % 628 M lbs
Indicated 153,000 kt Silver 1.67 g/t
Indicated 153,000 kt Molybdenum 0.004 %
Measured & Indicated 187,000 kt Gold 0.3 g/t 1.804 koz
Measured & Indicated 187,000 kt Copper 0.2 % 813 M lbs
Measured & Indicated 187,000 kt Silver 1.54 g/t
Measured & Indicated 187,000 kt Molybdenum 0.004 %
Inferred 36,000 kt Gold 0.16 g/t 181.7 koz
Inferred 36,000 kt Copper 0.15 % 120.4 M lbs
Inferred 36,000 kt Silver 1.68 g/t
Inferred 36,000 kt Molybdenum 0.006 %

Commodity Production Costs:

CommodityUnitsAverage
Cash costs Gold USD 313 / oz *†  
All-in sustaining costs (AISC) Copper USD 0.38 / lb *†  
All-in sustaining costs (AISC) Gold USD 396 / oz *†  
Assumed price Copper USD 2.5 / oz *  
Assumed price Silver USD 18 / oz *  
Assumed price Gold USD 1,250 / oz *  
* According to 2017 study / presentation.
† Net of By-Product.

Operating Costs:

Units2017
OP mining costs ($/t mined) USD 2.16 *
OP mining costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Total operating costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
* According to 2017 study.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

2017 Study Costs and Valuation Metrics :

MetricsUnitsLOM Total
Pre-Production capital costs $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Sustaining CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Closure costs $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Total CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
OP OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Processing OpEx $M USD 506.9
G&A costs $M USD 67.4
Total OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Total Taxes $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Royalty payments $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Net revenue (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 8% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 8% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
After-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
After-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Proposed Heavy Mobile Equipment as of April 30, 2013:
HME TypeModelSizeQuantity
Crane 60 t ....................... Subscription required
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Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Feb 1, 2023
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Staff:

EmployeesContractorsTotal WorkforceYear
Subscription required Subscription required Subscription required 2017

Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
................................... Subscription required 2019
Corporate Presentation 2018
Corporate Presentation 2018
Preliminary Economic Assessment 2017
Technical Report 2013
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Subscription required - Subscription is required.

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