Goose Site Geology
The Goose Site includes the Llama, Llama Extension, Umwelt, Echo, Nuvuyak, and Goose Main deposits; it has a consistent stratigraphic model that can be applied to all deposits. The folded Beechey Lake turbiditic metasediments, including oxide and silicate banded iron formation (BIF) horizons have been broken down into a modelled stratigraphy consisting of, from oldest to youngest: the lower sediments that contain a subordinate interbedded deep iron formation (DIF); the lower iron formation (LIF); the middle mudstone, the upper iron formation (UIF); and the upper sediments. This sequence is cut by quartz-feldspar porphyry dykes (QFP) and later gabbroic dykes.

Property Mineralization
Gold mineralization on the Property is spatially correlated to iron formation stratigraphy, and as a result, the mineralization geometry is relatively continuous along the plunging antiform/synform structures; however, within the modelled mineralized zones, gold grades can be variable. Further details on the mineralization at the Property are provided in the subsections below.

Llama and Llama Extension Deposits
Gold mineralization is hosted in both iron formation and clastic sedimentary lithologies, as well as rarely within quartz veins in the QFP dykes. Late gabbro dykes are known to post-date the timing of gold mineralization and do not host economic concentrations of gold. Banded oxide-facies iron formation, consisting of c ........

Sabina’s Project includes the Goose and George Project sites, the only sites on the Property with resource estimates. Multiple deposits have been explored at both sites. This Updated Feasibility Study focuses on the Goose Site and on the deposits that have Mineral Resources estimated in the Measured and Indicated categories. Mine planning has been completed for the Umwelt, Llama, Goose Main, and Echo deposits, and excludes Llama Extension, and Nuvuyak.

General Design Parameters
The general open pit design parameters used in the Echo detailed design are as follows:
• Pit walls
- Bench height, single bench mining, 5 m
- Height between catch benches, 20 m
- Bench face angle, 55° to 75° (variable as per Knight Piésold geomechanical guidance)
- Berm width, 8.6 to 10 m (variable).
• Haul roads (in and out of pit)
- Total road width allowance, 20 m
- Running surface on final two-way roads, 15 m
- Berms, 3.8 m wide (40° slope)
- Ditch, 1.0 m wide
- Ramp grades, 10% standard and 12% for pit bottom access
- Single-lane road allowance, 15 m
- Specific areas for caribou crossing may be established.
• Operations road (general light vehicle traffic and occasional heavy equipment)
- Width, 8 m to 10 m
• Mining
- Minimum pushback operating width, 50 to 60 m
- Minimum pit bottom width, 25 to 30 m
- Pit bottom sub-out depth, 5 m.

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Summary
The process selected for the Back River Project is based on testwork described in Section 13 and consists of a leach and carbon adsorption process comprising: crushing; grinding; gravity concentration; leaching; carbon adsorption; detoxification; carbon elution and regeneration; gold refining; and tailings thickening and disposal.

The mill is designed with a nominal capacity of 3,000 t/d at a planned average feed grade of 6 g/t Au. The crushing circuit will operate at an availability of 70%. Milling and leaching circuits will operate 24 h/d, 365 d/a, at an availability of 92%.

An expansion of plant nominal capacity to 4,000 t/d is planned for Year 2 of operation under the same operating schedule of 24 h/d, 365 d/a, at an availability of 92%.

The 3,000 t/d plant will consist of the following unit operations:
• Primary crushing—a vibrating grizzly and jaw crusher in open circuit producing a final product P80 of approximat ........