Mining takes place in a structurally complex zone between two major north-south trending faults: the De Bron/Homestead Fault in the west and the Saaiplaas Fault in the east. The orebody has been subjected to severe deformation and contains numerous folds (anticlines and synclines) as well as an abundance of smaller faults.

The dip of the reef bands is very variable – from 45 degrees to the east, adjacent to the western side of the lease, to less than two degrees in parts of the southern area.

Production is hosted within two quartz pebble conglomerate bodies, developed above unconformity surfaces, the Basal and the B reefs.

The Masimong complex comprises two shafts with the 5 shaft being used as the operating shaft and 4 shaft used for ventilation, pumping and as a second escape outlet. Masimong exploits the Basal Reef and the B-Reef by means of conventional tabular narrow reef stoping method. Mining is conducted at a depth of between 1 650m and 2 010m below collar.

Masimong mines at moderate depths of between 1 650m and 2 010m below surface. The reef horizon is accessed by means of conventional grid development. The Basal Reef, which accounts for approximately 80% of the on-reef production profile, is mined as by the open and undercut method, depending on whether the reef is overlain by shale. The B Reef, making up the remaining 20% of the on-reef production profile, is located approximately 120m stratigraphically above the Basal Reef, which necessitates separate infrastructure (footwall development).

The presence of the upper shale marker, approximately 20m thick below the B Reef, strains the development rates of the B Reef, requiring drop raising for holing on all boxholes. In addition, all on-reef development must be conducted by means of wide raising. Despite the marginality of the orebody and the current economic environment, current mine reserves give a life expectancy of three years, mainly due to the successful opening of known value trend extensions.

The ore mined is transported by rail for processing at the Harmony One carbon-in-pulp plant, situated some 12km from the shaft.

The ore is taken up the slow-moving conveyers from underneath the silos and discharged directly into the feed hopper for the six fully autogenous mills. For control purposes the mill feed belts and the mill discharge pumps both have variable speed drives. Each mill is a closed circuit with a 1200mm primary cyclone with mass flow measurement on the feed. The primary cyclone overflow is screened on a 600µm linear screen for the removal of coarse woodchips and tramp steel.

Calcium Oxide (lime) is added to the 6 thickeners (operating in 3 parallel modules) as slaked lime with levels of CaO being controlled at between 0.014 and 0.016% CaO. The lime maintains a protective level of alkalinity in the leach section to prevent the generation of poisonous HCN (cyanide) gas in the process. Thickening is carried out in six 60m diameter, cable torque ........