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Guatemala
Escobal Mine

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 Location:
40 km SE from Guatemala City, Guatemala

  Regional Office:
Km 14.5 Carretera a El Salvador Ofibodegas Muxbal Bodega No.2 Zona 8, Santa Catarina Pinula
Guatemala
Guatemala
01051
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  • Overview
  • Owners
  • Geology
  • Mining
  • Processing
  • Production
  • Reserves
  • Costs & Financials
  • Fleet
  • Personnel
  • Filings & News

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Overview

StatusCare and Maintenance
Mine TypeUnderground
Commodities
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Lead
  • Zinc
Mining Method
  • Longhole stoping
  • Transverse stoping
  • Longitudinal stoping
  • Paste backfill
Production Start...
Mine Life2033
Operations at the Escobal mine have been on care and maintenance since July 2017, and the Constitutional Court of Guatemala has ordered the continued suspension of the mining license while the MEM conducts the ILO 169 consultation with the Xinka Indigenous people residing in the area of influence.

The process, timing, and outcome of the ILO 169 consultation remains uncertain.


Owners

Source: p. 55
CompanyInterestOwnership
Pan American Silver Corp. 100 % Indirect
Pan American Silver Guatemala S.A. (operator) 100 % Direct
The Escobal mine is 100% owned by Pan American through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Pan American Silver Guatemala, S.A. (“PASG”), formerly Minera San Rafael S.A., and comprises two mineral licenses covering approximately 29.2 km².

Contractors

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Deposit Type

  • Epithermal
  • Vein / narrow vein
  • Breccia pipe / Stockwork


Summary:

The Escobal deposit formed in an intermediate-sulfidation epithermal quartz vein system of probable Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene age. These deposits are commonly included in the low-sulfidation epithermal class of deposits. Distinguishing characteristics of an “intermediate sulfidation” environment include mineral assemblages indicating a sulfidation state between those of high and low sulfidation types, relatively high total sulfide content of 5 to 10 percent, low-iron “blond” sphalerite, presence of silver sulfosalts, and association with andesitic to dacitic volcanics. Magmatic-associated fluids are implied.

Epithermal deposits form as high-temperature mineralizing fluids rise along structural pathways and deposit quartz and precious- and base-metal minerals in open spaces in response to boiling, which is usually coincident to a release of pressure within the hydrothermal system. This quartz and metal deposition, followed by resealing of the system, is repeated over the life of the hydrothermal system resulting in crosscutting and overprinted breccia and vein textures. Typically, the largest and highest grade deposits are associated with long hydrothermal systems marked by complex overlapping veins.

The Escobal deposit occurs in a similar geologic setting with host rocks, vein characteristics and mineralogy typical of other intermediate-sulfidation systems. Specific definitive features include banded, cockscomb, and drusy vein textures; massive ........


Mining Methods

  • Longhole stoping
  • Transverse stoping
  • Longitudinal stoping
  • Paste backfill


Summary:

Active mining areas in the Escobal mine are accessed through two main portals, called the East and West portals. These two primary declines provide access to the Central Zone. A third primary ramp is being driven into the East Zone from the Central Zone. Access ramps are driven from the main ramp system to establish sublevel footwall laterals driven parallel to the vein in transverse mining areas on 25 m vertical intervals, with stopes accessed from the footwall laterals. In longitudinal mining area, development is done on vein also on 25 m vertical intervals.

Production from the Escobal mine is achieved via longhole stoping methods. Two variations of this mining method are utilized. Where the vein dimension across the strike is less than 15 m, longitudinal longhole stoping is applied. This method consists of driving horizontal drifts, spaced 25 m vertically, along the strike of the vein and then blasting the ore vertically from the upper level (“over-cut”) to the lower level (“under-cut”).

Breaking slots are established at the extreme ends of the stope to provide a void space for production blasting. These breaking slots are excavated utilizing Cubex drills equipped with V-30 blind bore reaming heads to bore a 30-inch diameter raise between the upper-cut and under cut for each stope. Once the breaking slots are complete, the stope faces retreat towards the accesses by drilling holes between the over-cut and under-cut, charging the holes with explo ........


Crushing and Grinding
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Processing

Flow Sheet: Subscription required

Summary:

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Production:
Operations at the Escobal mine have been on care and maintenance, since July 2017.

CommodityProductUnits2017201620152014
Silver Metal in concentrate koz 9,69221,18920,40220,302
Gold Metal in concentrate koz  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Lead Metal in concentrate M lbs  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Lead Concentrate kt  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Zinc Metal in concentrate M lbs  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Zinc Concentrate kt  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Silver Payable metal koz 19,27319,250
Gold Payable metal koz  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Lead Payable metal M lbs  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required
Zinc Payable metal M lbs  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required

Operational Metrics:

Metrics2017201620152014
Daily milling rate 4,352 t4,356 t4,133 t
Daily milling capacity 4,500 t4,500 t4,500 t
Tonnes milled 688 t1,594 kt1,508 kt1,245,730 t

Reserves at June 30, 2022:
Mineral Reserves and Resources are estimated using a price of $20 per ounce of silver and $1,300 per ounce of gold.

CategoryTonnage CommodityGradeContained Metal
Proven 2.5 Mt Silver 486 g/t 39.5 M oz
Proven 2.5 Mt Gold 0.42 g/t 34.2 koz
Proven 2.5 Mt Lead 1.02 %
Proven 2.5 Mt Zinc 1.75 %
Probable 22.1 Mt Silver 316 g/t 225 M oz
Probable 22.1 Mt Gold 0.34 g/t 243.8 koz
Probable 22.1 Mt Lead 0.77 %
Probable 22.1 Mt Zinc 1.25 %
Proven & Probable 24.6 Mt Silver 333 g/t 264.5 M oz
Proven & Probable 24.6 Mt Gold 0.35 g/t 278 koz
Proven & Probable 24.6 Mt Lead 0.8 %
Proven & Probable 24.6 Mt Zinc 1.3 %
Measured 2.3 Mt Silver 251 g/t 18.6 M oz
Measured 2.3 Mt Gold 0.23 g/t 16.7 koz
Measured 2.3 Mt Lead 0.31 %
Measured 2.3 Mt Zinc 0.59 %
Indicated 14.2 Mt Silver 201 g/t 91.6 M oz
Indicated 14.2 Mt Gold 0.2 g/t 93 koz
Indicated 14.2 Mt Lead 0.38 %
Indicated 14.2 Mt Zinc 0.66 %
Inferred 1.9 Mt Silver 180 g/t 10.7 M oz
Inferred 1.9 Mt Gold 0.9 g/t 53.7 koz
Inferred 1.9 Mt Lead 0.22 %
Inferred 1.9 Mt Zinc 0.42 %

Commodity Production Costs:

CommodityUnits20172016
Total cash costs Silver USD 9.22 / oz   8.44 / oz  
Total cash costs Silver USD 6.15 / oz†   5.84 / oz†  
All-in sustaining costs (AISC) Silver USD 8.91 / oz†   8.06 / oz†  
† Net of By-Product.

Operating Costs:

Units2017
UG mining costs ($/t milled) USD 42.4  
Processing costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Total operating costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Financials:

Units20212020201920172016
Capital expenditures M USD  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required  ......  Subscription required 22.9   30.1  
Sustaining costs M USD 22.9   27  
Revenue M USD 192.5   355.8  
Operating Income M USD 62.3   155.3  
After-tax Income M USD
Subscription required - Subscription is required


Water Supply
Source: Subscription required

- subscription is required.


Heavy Mobile Equipment as of November 5, 2014:
HME TypeModelSizeQuantity
ANFO Loader ....................... Subscription required
Cable bolter ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Concrete sprayer ....................... Subscription required
Deck & Boom Trucks ....................... Subscription required
Drill (long hole) ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Drill (long hole) ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Drill jumbo (two boom) ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Grader ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) ....................... Subscription required 6 cu. m ....................... Subscription required
Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) ....................... Subscription required 8.3 cu. m ....................... Subscription required
Personnel Carrier ....................... Subscription required
Rock bolter ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
Scaler ....................... Subscription required
Scissor Lift ....................... Subscription required
Trans Mixer ....................... Subscription required
Truck (fuel / lube) ....................... Subscription required
Truck (underground) ....................... Subscription required 45 t ....................... Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Oct 19, 2023
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Staff:

EmployeesYear
Subscription required 2017
Subscription required 2016
Subscription required 2015

Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
Annual Information Form 2022
Annual Report 2022
................................... Subscription required 2021
................................... Subscription required 2021
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2019
Management Discussion & Analysis 2018
Press Release 2018
Annual Information Form 2017
Financial Review 2017
Management Discussion & Analysis 2017
Annual Information Form 2016
Corporate Presentation 2016
Other 2016
Annual Information Form 2015
Financial Review 2015
Management Discussion & Analysis 2015
Feasibility Study Report 2014
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Subscription required - Subscription is required.

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