Rare earth element (REE) and rare earth metal deposits can be divided into two main classifications: primary magmatic REE deposits and secondary REE deposits. The vast majority of deposits are primary magmatic and many of the secondary ones are proximal to REE-enriched primary magmatic sources. Most magmatic deposits are related to mantle-derived magmas and/or magmatism associated with crustal rifting. Metamorphic equivalents of these main categories are also known but not distinguished in this classification.

Primary magmatic deposits can be subdivided into peralkaline oversaturated, peralkaline undersaturated, and carbonatite deposits. Peralkaline deposits, both oversaturated (quartz-bearing or quartz normative) and undersaturated (nepheline-bearing or nepheline normative) are mainly HREE- enriched, while carbonatite deposits are commonly LREE-enriched; some carbonatite high-level vein systems are also HREE-enriched. Peralkaline rocks and carbonatites are known to occur in similar geological settings and can be spatially related.

Primary magmatic REE deposits are formed by concentration of REE and other incompatible elements (e.g., Zr, Nb, fluorine (F), U, Th, hafnium (Hf)) in the upper portions of magma chambers. These incompatible element-enriched magmas are either crystallized in place, are transported to locations proximal to the magma chamber, or are transported to surface and deposited as volcanic products.

Peralkaline oversaturated vo ........

Mining is proposed to be carried out at Deep Fox and Foxtrot using a combination of open pit and underground methods. Mining will first take place at Deep Fox using open pit and underground methods over a period of approximately 11 years. Open pit operations at Foxtrot will commence in the last two years of the Deep Fox underground operation. Once mining is completed at Deep Fox, mining will transition completely to Foxtrot to extend the mine life an additional 15 years (six years open pit and nine years underground) for an overall mine life of approximately 26 years.

Open Pit Mining.
The open pit mining production rate is assumed to be 720,000 tpa, or 2,000 tpd, of REE bearing material. For the purposes of this Technical Report, it is assumed that mining would be carried out year-round, however, given the relatively low production rate, there is the possibility of carrying out mining over a condensed period (six months) to avoid harsher conditions during the winter season.

Run of mine (ROM) mineralized material will be placed in a stockpile adjacent to the Primary Production Plant located near Deep Fox. ROM material will be fed to the concentrator using a front-end loader (FEL).

Mining will be carried out by a contractor using conventional truck and shovel open pit methods consisting of the following activities:
• Drilling performed by conventional production drills.
• Blasting using ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) and a down ........

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