Overview
| Status | Care and Maintenance |
| Mine Type | Underground |
| Commodities |
- PGM
- Gold
- Platinum
- Palladium
- Rhodium
- Nickel
- Copper
|
| Mining Method |
|
Twickenham has been under care and maintenance since 2016. The completion of pre-feasibility studies show that the Mineral Resource can be economically extracted (RPEEE), supported by improved commodity prices. Since a concentrator and related infrastructure would still need to be constructed to process ore mined, consideration needs to be given to how to reduce the extent of the investment required to enable the sustainable operation through commodity cycles (being cognisant of lower prices experienced in prior years which led to the mine being placed on care and maintenance and the global economic headwinds we currently see). As such, Anglo American Platinum is exploring options that could lead to the resumption of mining activities in a sustainable way. |
Source:
p. 97,270,271
Anglo American Platinum Ltd. wholly owns and operates the Twickenham mine.
Anglo American plc. held through an effective 79.2% interest in Anglo American Platinum Limited.
Contractors
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Summary:
Twickenham Mine is in the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex.
THE BUSHVELD COMPLEX.
Formed over 2 billion years ago from multiple injections of magma into the earth’s crust many kilometres below the surface, the Bushveld Complex is geologically unique due to its size, uniformity of its layering and extent of known mineral content. This saucer-shaped intrusion is over 350km wide, 250km long and up to 12km thick. Over time, the rim of the intrusion has been exposed by erosion, revealing three separate main segments known as the Western, Eastern and Northern Limbs. The Western Limb is split into two lobes (north-western and south- western) by the Pilanesberg complex, a remnant of an alkaline volcanic plug intruded into the Bushveld Complex about 1,250 million years ago. The Eastern Limb is split into two lobes (north-eastern and south-eastern) by the north- east trending Steelpoort fault. The exposed segments exhibit layering of pyroxenites, norites, gabbros, anorthosites and chromitites and this layering occurs across the entire extent of the complex. Within the layers, mineralisation is found in specific horizons containing chromium, iron, titanium, vanadium, nickel, copper and PGM.
The Bushveld Complex comprises three main suites, namely the Rooiberg Group, Lebowa Granite Suite and Rustenburg Layered Suite. The Rustenburg Layered Suite comprises four major subdivisions: the Upper Zone, Main Zone, Critical Zone and Lower Zone. Economic concentrat ........
Summary:
The mine offers long-term prospects for shallow mechanised mining on both the UG2 and Merensky Reef horizons. In the current commodity price environment, all expansionary project decisions have been delayed.
During 2014 various options were considered for the conversion of the conventional mine to a mechanised mine. These included a trade-off study on conventional mining versus on-reef mechanised mining methods, including LP bord and pillar and ULP/XLP mining methods, which indicated that the on-reef mechanised ULP mining method would yield the highest value accretion with an optimum extraction profile.
Flow Sheet:
Summary:
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Reserves at December 31, 2019:
The Mineral Resources as at 31th December 2022 at Twickenham mine are unchanged from 31 December 2019.
| Category | Tonnage | Commodity | Grade | Contained Metal |
|
Measured & Indicated
|
335.7 Mt
|
4E (Pt, Pd, Rh, Au)
|
5.62 g/t
|
60.7 M oz
|
|
Inferred
|
313.9 Mt
|
4E (Pt, Pd, Rh, Au)
|
5.55 g/t
|
56 M oz
|
|
Total Resource
|
649.6 Mt
|
4E (Pt, Pd, Rh, Au)
|
5.59 g/t
|
116.7 M oz
|
Commodity Production Costs:
| | Commodity | Units | 2016 |
|
Cash costs
|
6E (Pt,Pd,Rh,Au,Ir,Ru)
|
ZAR
|
68,340 / oz
|
|
Cash costs
|
Platinum
|
ZAR
|
148,035 / oz
|
Operating Costs:
| | Units | 2016 | 2015 |
|
UG mining costs ($/t milled)
|
ZAR
| 5,411 | 2,841 |
Financials:
| | Units | 2017 | 2016 |
|
Capital expenditures
|
M ZAR
|
7
|
39
|
|
Revenue
|
M ZAR
|
|
104
|
|
EBIT
|
M ZAR
|
|
-307
|
|
EBITDA
|
M ZAR
|
|
-291
|
|
Operating Cash Flow
|
M ZAR
|
|
-240
|
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