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Greenland
Kvanefjeld Project

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 Location:
7 km NE from Narsaq, Greenland

  Project Contacts:
Unit 6, 100 Railway Road
Subiaco
Western Australia, Australia
6008
Phone  ...  Subscription required
Fax+61 8 9382 2788
WebsiteWeb
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  • Overview
  • Owners
  • Geology
  • Mining
  • Processing
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  • Filings & News

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Overview

StagePermitting
Mine TypeOpen Pit
Commodities
  • Total Rare Earth Oxides
  • Uranium
  • Zinc
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
Processing
  • Flotation
Mine Life37 years (as of Jan 1, 2016)


Owners

 
CompanyInterestOwnership
Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd. 100 % Direct

Deposit Type

  • Magmatic


Summary:

The lujavrite series within the Ilimaussaq\ Complex is at least 500 m thick and are generally fine-grained and laminated but there are locally some medium to coarse-grained pegmatoidal varieties. Black (arfvedsonite bearing) lujavrite is the rock type that hosts REE, uranium, and zinc multi-element mineralisation. Economic REE and uranium grades occur in the uppermost sections of the lujavrites, and are associated with distinct ore minerals. Mineralisation is predominantly orthomagmatic, with metal enrichment a function of differentiation of the lujavrite magma.

Steenstrupine is the most important host to both REEs and uranium in the lujavrite-hosted deposits. It is a complex sodic phospho silicate mineral. Mineralogical studies suggest that steenstrupine commonly contains between 0.2% and 1% U3 O8 , and greater than 15% total rare earth oxide. Steenstrupine is the dominant host to both uranium and REEs. The phosphorous in the mineral structure makes steenstrupine amenable to concentration by conventional flotation techniques.

The grain size of the steenstrupine commonly ranges from 75 µm to over 500 µm. Other minerals that are important hosts to REEs include the phosphate mineral vitusite and, to a lesser extent, britholite, lovozerite group minerals and rare monazite. Aside from steenstrupine, uranium is also hosted in zirconium silicate minerals of the lovozerite group. In these silicates a portion of the zirconium is substituted by several hundred ppm each of uranium, yttrium, REEs and tin. Zinc is hosted in the sulphide mineral sphalerite, which is the dominant sulphide, disseminated throughout the deposits.

Several substantial deposits of multi-element mineralisation (REEs, uranium, zinc) are hosted in the lujavrites of the northern Ilimaussaq Complex. A world-class multi-element resource has been established at Kvanefjeld, and substantial new satellite deposits have recently been confirmed at Sørensen and Zone 3. Geological evidence suggests that Sørensen and Zone 3 represent outcropping, or nearsurface expressions of a mineralised system that extends over several kilometres from Kvanefjeld, and is interconnected at depth. This is endorsed by exploratory drill holes that demonstrate that mineralisation is widespread outside the defined mineral resources.


Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader


Summary:

Mining will be medium scale, open pit operation with a life of mine strip ratio of 1:1.

Mining operations will be open pit (open cast) using a standard drill/blast/truck/shovel operation. This has been selected as the lowest operating risk mining method, both in terms of cost and productivity.

For the purposes of mine scheduling SRK Consulting were engaged to perform equipment selection for an operating cost estimate. Equipment selection has determined that 3-6 x 100t mining trucks and one 200t excavator would be required for the project. As the pit gets deeper the haul distance increases, which will then require additional trucks. The haul distance is 1.5 km to the concentrator which will be made by the mine trucks.


Crushing and Grinding


Processing

  • Flotation

Source: Subscription required

Summary:

Ore mined from the open pit is trucked to the concentrator at a rate of 3 million tonnes per year where beneficiation is performed. The ore is crushed and ground to a particle size of 80% passing 75 microns. Flotation is used as the beneficiation method to concentrate the value minerals. Flotation of the zinc mineral sphalerite from the rest of the ore produces the first product for the project. The zinc concentrate contains ~0.5% of the total ore mass and ~78% of the mined zinc.

The next flotation stage concentrates the rare earth phosphate minerals into 8% of the original ore mass. Approximately 80% of the rare earths are recovered into the Rare Earth Phosphate (REP) mineral concentrate.

Recoveries & Grades:

CommodityParameterAvg. LOM
Uranium (U3O8) Recovery Rate, %  ......  Subscription required
Uranium (U3O8) Head Grade, g/t 380
REE Recovery Rate, %  ......  Subscription required
REE Head Grade, % 1.43
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Projected Production:

CommodityProductUnitsAvg. Annual
Uranium (U3O8) U3O8 t 475
Zinc Mineral in concentrate t  ......  Subscription required
REE Mineral in concentrate t  ......  Subscription required
Lanthanum Oxide t  ......  Subscription required
Lanthanum-Cerium Oxide t  ......  Subscription required
Cerium Hydroxide t  ......  Subscription required
Fluorspar Mineral in concentrate t  ......  Subscription required

Operational Metrics:

Metrics
Stripping / waste ratio 1 *
Annual processing rate 3 Mt *
* According to 2016 study.

Reserves at December 31, 2015:

CategoryTonnage CommodityGradeContained 
Commodity
Proven 43 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 14700 g/t 63.21 Mt
Proven 43 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 352 g/t 15.136 M lbs
Proven 43 Mt Zinc 2700 g/t 0.12 Mt
Probable 64 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 14000 g/t 89.6 Mt
Probable 64 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 368 g/t 23.552 M lbs
Probable 64 Mt Zinc 2500 g/t 0.16 Mt
Proven & Probable 107 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 14281 g/t 152.81 Mt
Proven & Probable 107 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 362 g/t 38.688 M lbs
Proven & Probable 107 Mt Zinc 2580 g/t 0.28 Mt
Measured 143 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 12100 g/t 1.72 Mt
Measured 143 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 303 g/t 95.21 M lbs
Measured 143 Mt Zinc 2370 g/t 0.34 Mt
Indicated 308 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 11100 g/t 3.42 Mt
Indicated 308 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 253 g/t 171.97 M lbs
Indicated 308 Mt Zinc 2290 g/t 0.71 Mt
Inferred 559 Mt Total Rare Earth Oxides 10700 g/t 6 Mt
Inferred 559 Mt Uranium (U3O8) 264 g/t 325.66 M lbs
Inferred 559 Mt Zinc 2463 g/t 1.38 Mt

Commodity Production Costs:

CommodityUnitsAverage
Total cash costs REE USD 11.2 / kg *
* According to 2016 study / presentation.

2016 Study Costs and Valuation Metrics :

MetricsUnitsLOM Total
Total CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Net revenue (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
After-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Heavy Mobile Equipment:

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Jul 22, 2020
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Jul 22, 2020
Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
Feasibility Study Report 2016
Press Release 2016
Feasibility Study Report 2015
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Aerial view:

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