Kansanshi mineralisation is hosted by deformed metasediments of the Nguba (formerly Lower Kundulungu) Group within the Katanga Supergroup of the Zambian Copperbelt. The individual mineralised rock units of the stratigraphic sequence comprise dolomites, dolomitic marbles, and various schists and phyllites. Mineralisation is structurally modified across the Kansanshi deposits. The deposits are currently mined from Main and North West Pits.
Kansanshi copper mineralisation is believed to have originated as hydrothermally remobilised copper that has been lithologically and structurally controlled.
Copper mineralisation at Kansanshi occurs as three deposits (Main, North West and South East). The deposits are located within domal structures along the crest of a regional antiform. Deposit mineralisation is closely associated with these domes.
Three styles of primary sulphide mineralisation are associated with these deposits:
• disseminated stratabound mineralisation;
• sub-vertically dipping, quartz-carbonate-sulphide veins crosscutting the stratigraphy;
• localised breccia mineralisation.
Weathering influences mineralisation as follows:
• near surface weathering in the saprolitic zone;
• around vertical veins, with oxide copper mineralisation predominantly evident as malachite, tenorite and chrysocolla;
• mixed primary and secondary sulphide copper mineral assemblages in transitional zones between weath ........
