Overview
Stage | Production |
Mine Type | Underground |
Commodities |
|
Mining Method |
- Longhole open stoping
- Bench stoping
- Dry waste backfill
|
Processing |
- Inline Pressure Jig
- Centrifugal concentrator
- Gravity separation
- Flotation
- Concentrate leach
- Inline Leach Reactor (ILR)
- Merrill–Crowe
- Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning
- Cyanide (reagent)
|
Mine Life | 2023 |
The established Hera Mine is approaching the end if its economic life with the Ore Reserve expected to be depleted in FY23. The Company is therefore evaluating development options for the nearby Federation deposit that is located approximately 10 kilometres south of the existing Hera Mine. |
Source:
p. 55,64
Company | Interest | Ownership |
Aurelia Metals Ltd.
|
100 %
|
Indirect
|
Hera Resources Pty Ltd
(operator)
|
100 %
|
Direct
|
Hera Mine (Hera) is an underground metalliferous mine owned by Hera Resources Pty Ltd (Hera Resources), a wholly owned subsidiary of Aurelia Metals Limited (Aurelia).
Deposit Type
- Breccia pipe / Stockwork
- Vein / narrow vein
Summary:
All known mineralisation in the area is epigenetic “Cobar” style. Deposits are structurally controlled quartz + sulphide matrix breccias grading to massive sulphide.
The deposits are located in high strain zones. Metal ratios are variable but there is a general tendency for separate Pb+Zn+Ag±Au±Cu and Cu+Ag±Au ore bodies. These are often in close association with the Pb+Zn lenses lying to the west of the Cu lenses. At Hera Zn is usually more abundant than Pb.
Formation temperatures are moderate to high. At Hera the presence of Fe-rich sphalerite, nonmagnetic pyrrhotite and cubanite indicates formation temperatures between 350°C and 400°C. Recognised at Hera are quartz + K-feldspar veins, scheelite, and minor skarn mineralogy which suggest a possible magmatic input. Deposit timing is enigmatic. The main mineralisation occurs as brittle sulphide matrix breccias with silicification grading to ductile massive sulphides that crosscut both bedding and cleavage. Recent age dating on micas and galena gives an age of ~385Ma for the Hera deposit.
The mineralisation at Hera, indicated by elevated gold, silver, lead, zinc and sulphur grades, appears to be structurally controlled and is associated with shearing, brecciation and quartz veining.
The twelve solid wireframes representing mineralised domains were treated as hard boundaries during estimation of all elements except arsenic. This means that blocks inside a particular domain were estimated using only data from inside that domain. Blocks and data that lie outside of all of the mineralised domain wireframes were treated as a single additional domain. Variogram models were produced for each of the domains with sufficient data and search ellipse orientations were defined for each domain individually.
A fault, observable in underground developments, cross cuts the deposit at the southern end of Main North and is interpreted to off-set Main South by about 25 m to the west.
The reported resources at Hera span a length of around 800 m and consist of seven en echelon volumes that dip steeply to the west-southwest. The plan width of the resource varies from 2 m to 70 m (including internal low grade zones) with individual stopes reaching up to 25 m wide. The upper limit of the reported estimates occurs at a depth of around 230 m from surface and the lower limit of the resource extends to a depth of 630 m below the surface.
Mining Methods
- Longhole open stoping
- Bench stoping
- Dry waste backfill
Summary:
Hera is an underground mine utilising bench stoping with the stopes backfilled with waste rock fill.
The Hera orebody is accessed from a decline located in the hanging wall. The decline has a gradient of 1:7 and production levels are nominally 25m apart.
Mining for the 2019-2020 Financial Year Period was undertaken using conventional bench stoping mining techniques. Stope voids are backfilled with waste rock material from concurrent underground development and, if required, additional waste rock material is transported from the WRE Area on the surface.
Sill pillars are every 100m vertically with an open stoping method adopting a yielding pillar above and between the previously filled panels. Level access is via the hangingwall (east) decline and the decline has a standoff of 50m from the ore body. The decline face is currently 620m vertically below surface and the sublevels are spaced vertically at 25m. Stopes are typically 30m long, 25m high and 8m wide. Stopes are demonstrating stable characteristics up to a hydraulic radius of 7.5m or approximately 30m along strike.
Since PYBAR commenced onsite in January 2013, PYBAR has been using a standard development mining fleet in an application requiring in-cycle fibrecrete and dual rock-bolt ground support to advance the 5m high, 5.5m wide, 1:7 decline.
Full scale development commenced in March 2013 and over the six month period to December 2013, the advance of the decline face averaged 6.3m per day (almost one vertical metre per day).
Using a standard fleet to achieve the rapid development rates that PYBAR has at Hera facilitates a number of advantages such as in-house equipment maintenance, capital cost reduction, flexibility and post-project disposal value.
Processing
- Inline Pressure Jig
- Centrifugal concentrator
- Gravity separation
- Flotation
- Concentrate leach
- Inline Leach Reactor (ILR)
- Merrill–Crowe
- Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning
- Cyanide (reagent)
Source:
Summary:
The Hera Process Plant (480 ktpa) processes ore from the Hera Mine to produce gold-silver doré bars and a ‘bulk’ (lead+zinc) concentrate for sale.
The ore is crushed by a three-stage crushing circuit before processing by gravity, flotation and leach circuits.
The process flow sheet in summary, consists of:
- A gravity gold circuit consisting on an Inline Pressure Jig (IPJ), 2 x inline spinners and a Falcon centrifugal concentrator. These devices produce a gravity concentrate that is leached with Inline Leach Reactor (ILR) producing a gold solution to the electrowinning cells to deliver gravity gold doré for sale.
- A VTM-400 vertimill to produce a sub 250 micron feed to the flotation circuit.
- A rougher and cleaner flotation circuit to produce a lead-zinc concentrate grading +50% lead + zinc.
- A gold leach circuit which leaches the cleaner concentrate to produce a gold-silver bearing leach liquor and a final concentrate for sale.
- The ........

Recoveries & Grades:
Commodity | Parameter | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 |
Gold
|
Recovery Rate, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 89.4 | 88.3 |
Gold
|
Head Grade, g/t
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 5.1 | 4.37 |
Silver
|
Recovery Rate, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 88.2 | 87.8 |
Silver
|
Head Grade, g/t
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 13.4 | 12.6 |
Lead
|
Recovery Rate, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 89.5 | 91.9 |
Lead
|
Head Grade, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 2.6 | 2.3 |
Zinc
|
Recovery Rate, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 89.8 | 89.7 |
Zinc
|
Head Grade, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | 3.6 | 3.1 |
Lead / Zinc
|
Concentrate Grade, %
| ......  | ......  | ......  | | 56 |
Reserves at June 30, 2021:
The Mineral Resource Estimate utilises A$100/t NSR cut-off mineable shapes that include internal dilution.
The Hera Ore Reserve Estimate utilises a A$80/t NSR cut-off for development and A$100/t NSR cut-off for stoping.
Category | Tonnage | Commodity | Grade |
Proven
|
750 kt
|
Gold
|
1.4 g/t
|
Proven
|
750 kt
|
Lead
|
4.3 %
|
Proven
|
750 kt
|
Zinc
|
3.4 %
|
Proven
|
750 kt
|
Copper
|
2.7 %
|
Probable
|
190 kt
|
Gold
|
1.2 g/t
|
Probable
|
190 kt
|
Lead
|
3.6 %
|
Probable
|
190 kt
|
Zinc
|
2.4 %
|
Probable
|
190 kt
|
Copper
|
2.4 %
|
Proven & Probable
|
940 kt
|
Gold
|
1.4 g/t
|
Proven & Probable
|
940 kt
|
Lead
|
4.1 %
|
Proven & Probable
|
940 kt
|
Zinc
|
3.2 %
|
Proven & Probable
|
940 kt
|
Copper
|
2.6 %
|
Measured
|
880 kt
|
Gold
|
1.7 g/t
|
Measured
|
880 kt
|
Silver
|
35 g/t
|
Measured
|
880 kt
|
Lead
|
2.8 %
|
Measured
|
880 kt
|
Zinc
|
4.3 %
|
Measured
|
880 kt
|
Copper
|
0.1 %
|
Indicated
|
500 kt
|
Gold
|
2.1 g/t
|
Indicated
|
500 kt
|
Silver
|
13 g/t
|
Indicated
|
500 kt
|
Lead
|
1.8 %
|
Indicated
|
500 kt
|
Zinc
|
2.6 %
|
Indicated
|
500 kt
|
Copper
|
0.1 %
|
Inferred
|
280 kt
|
Gold
|
1.3 g/t
|
Inferred
|
280 kt
|
Silver
|
17 g/t
|
Inferred
|
280 kt
|
Lead
|
1.8 %
|
Inferred
|
280 kt
|
Zinc
|
2.3 %
|
Inferred
|
280 kt
|
Copper
|
0.1 %
|
Total Resource
|
1,700 kt
|
Gold
|
1.8 g/t
|
Total Resource
|
1,700 kt
|
Silver
|
25 g/t
|
Total Resource
|
1,700 kt
|
Lead
|
2.3 %
|
Total Resource
|
1,700 kt
|
Zinc
|
3.5 %
|
Total Resource
|
1,700 kt
|
Copper
|
0.1 %
|
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