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Botswana
K-Hill Project

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 Location:
4 km W from Kanye, Botswana

  Project Contacts:
1155 North Service Road West, Unit #11
Oakville
Ontario, Canada
L6M 3E3
Phone  ...  Subscription required
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Overview

StagePreliminary Economic Assessment
Mine TypeOpen Pit
Commodities
  • Manganese
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
Processing
  • Sulfuric acid (reagent)
  • Acid tank leaching
  • Electrorefining
  • Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning
Mine Life10 years (as of Jan 1, 2020)
Latest NewsGiyani Closes Upsized Private Placement Financing Raising Gross Proceeds of Approximately $7.5 Million     December 23, 2020


Owners

Source: p. 27
CompanyInterestOwnership
Marcelle Holdings Pty Ltd 12 % Indirect
Giyani Metals Corp. 88 % Indirect
The entire Project area extends over 8,135.3 km2 of tenements, with the K-Hill project in an 878 km2 licence area, held under the Botswana registered entity, Menzi Battery Minerals. Giyani owns an 88% stake in Menzi Battery Minerals, while the other 12% is owned by Marcell Holdings.

Deposit Type

  • Sedimentary


Summary:

The shale horizon is of limited extent and has only been traced for a short distance to the south of Kgwakgwe Hill where it apparently terminates in the superficial deposits which constituted the most southerly of the historical mine workings. The shale also thins out rapidly to the west and to the north of the historical mine area where it appears to transgress over the quartzites and therefore, lies directly on the felsites.

The stratigraphy has been duplicated by thrusting in places. Small displacements have also been observed along steeply dipping east-northeast trending faults. The shales have been intensely folded and slumped in the vicinity of these dislocations and in addition, subparallel breccia zones and quartz veining may be evident.

The entire Transvaal package is cut out against the Waterberg sediments to the west of the Kgwakgwe Hill along what are thought to be northerly trending faults.

The manganese shale outcrops along the northerly scarp slope of the Kgwakgwe Hill and dips into the hill. The strata at K-Hill dip gently towards the northwest at an average of approximately 5 - 10° and small-scale S and Z folding is common. In plan, the manganese shale unit is more or less kidney shaped. The unit varies between approximately 2 m and 12 m thick with an average thickness in the order of 5 m and has a delineated extent of approximately 800 m N-S and 400 m E-W.

The outcrop defining the limit of the manganese shale is well defined, with the areas to the west being partially covered by alluvium and/or exposed by historical surface mining into the hillside.

The manganese mineralization occurs as a supergene enriched manganiferous shale (the Mn-Shale) within the Black Reef Quartzite Formation.

The Mn-Shale itself appears to represent primary manganese deposition (proto-ore) in a shallow marine basin as per the Canon and Force model. However, as is typical for most manganese deposits, there is clear evidence of upgrading by means of supergene enrichment.
This evidence includes:
• Only manganese oxide mineralogy has been noted to date;
• Observed manganese mineral textures are consistent with secondary precipitation; and
• The presence of fine manganese wad and the presence of cavities and vugs intersected in the drill holes in the Mn-Shale.

There are two possible time intervals during which weathering and supergene enrichment could have occurred, these being the recent period of exposure as well as the ancient period of exposure associated with the unconformity at the base of the Chert Breccia. If supergene enrichment is only related to the current exposure then the enrichment could be limited in extent by the current geomorphology and may only extend under the hill to the limit of weathering. However, if there was supergene enrichment during the period associated with the unconformity, then more extensive supergene enrichment may have occurred. The latter possibility appears to be supported by the drillhole intersections. Two mineralising processes are evident, namely an initial phase of mineralization by precipitation and diagenesis during sedimentation (forming the Mn-Shale or protoore) followed by one (and possibly two) phases of redistribution and concentration during weathering and supergene enrichment.


Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader


Summary:

The envisaged mining method for the K-Hill Project is traditional open pit truck and shovel. Due to the low processing throughput, and reasonable strip ratio, the volume of total material moved (TMM) is easily manageable.

The overall inter-ramp slope angle used was 410. To accommodate small equipment and reduce dilution, mining is done on a 4-metre bench height, mined in 2 flitches of 2 metres. The face angle is 700 based on observations in the field. This gives a standard berm width of 3.2 m. No catch berms are considered necessary due to the relatively low height of the permanent walls. In most walls, the slope angle is considerably lower than the recommended inter-ramp angle, due to the placement of the ramps on the footwall, going into the hillside.

The pit optimisation shells indicate that the pits will have relatively a large amount of room on the pit floor with good access. Ramps are relatively short and in most instances two ramps can be accommodated without adding too much waste, thereby allowing for a drive-in ramp and a drive-out ramp. Considering the size of the equipment, such as the Caterpillar 725C2 articulated trucks (or equivalent), a ramp width of 10 m was chosen.

The clearing radius of the Caterpillar 725C2 is 8.05 m, and this has been taken into account in the pit designs.

The Waste Dump design has been done on industry standard parameters, using 370 face angles, and an overall slope of 230. Bench heights used were 20 m, and ramps were created at 30 m wide to allow easy access and reduce risk of collision. The Waste Rock Dump (WRD) was designed on the required waste dumping volumes, assuming a 30% swell factor.

Initial strategic schedules using the Milawa Balanced option on an annual basis indicated that a mining limit of 2 Mtpa should be enough to keep the plant full. However, closer analysis of mining on a yearly basis, as well as the increased waste of the practical pit designs, revealed that accessing RoM does require some opening-up of the pit floor and for this reason the final practical schedule mines more waste tonnes in the early years. Year 1 uses 3 months of prestripping and Year 2 has a peak total material movement of 2.02 Mt.

The schedule shows a stripping hurdle in the first couple of years of mining, but this can easily be overcome by adding an additional truck for the start up. An effort was made to smooth the stripping as much as possible, but mining into a hill made this somewhat difficult. It is anticipated that the next update to the resource model, which should see the two separate pits merge into a single larger pit, will make it easier to plan the stripping.


Crushing and Grinding

The comminution circuit will consist of several stages of crushing and grinding to achieve the target grind size, which is a P80 of 200 µm subject to further optimisation.

In order to preserve the water balance, a solid / liquid separation is likely to be required between the comminution and leaching stages. Given the relatively coarse target grind size, a vacuum belt filter is envisaged without prior thickening. Filtrate would be recycled internally within the grinding circuit.


Processing

  • Sulfuric acid (reagent)
  • Acid tank leaching
  • Electrorefining
  • Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning

Flow Sheet: Subscription required

Summary:

Leaching
Leaching will be undertaken in a series of open topped tanks. The testwork indicates a total leach residence time of two hours. Filtered solids from the comminution circuit will be mixed with barren electrolyte returned from the EW stage, with reagent sulphuric acid added to meet the target acid strength (260 g/l based on the test work), as well as the reductant sucrose, which is consumed during the leach reaction. An on-site boiler will be used to generate the steam required to maintain the target leach reaction temperature of 90 °C.

Liquid/Solid Separation
As with the dewatering stage ahead of leaching, a vacuum belt filter is envisaged for the solid /liquid separation between leaching and SX. This stage will incorporate a cake washing stage, in order to both maximum soluble Mn recovery, and to minimise the residual acid content of the filter cake. The resulting washed solids will be suitable for conveying and dry stacking.

Solvent Extraction< ........

Recoveries & Grades:

CommodityParameterAvg. LOM
Manganese Recovery Rate, %  ......  Subscription required
Manganese Head Grade, % 25.9
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Projected Production:

CommodityUnitsAvg. AnnualLOM
Manganese kt 42236
All production numbers are expressed as electrolytic metal.

Operational Metrics:

Metrics
Stripping / waste ratio  ......  Subscription required
Waste tonnes, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Ore tonnes mined, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Total tonnes mined, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Tonnes processed, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Annual processing capacity  ......  Subscription required
* According to 2020 study.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Reserves at January 31, 2020:
The Inferred Mineral Resource Estimate is reported above a cut-off grade of 8.9% MnO.

CategoryTonnage CommodityGrade
Inferred 1.24 Mt Fe2O3 15.5 %
Inferred 1.24 Mt MnO 27.3 %

Commodity Production Costs:

CommodityUnitsAverage
Total cash costs Manganese USD  ......  Subscription required *
Assumed price Manganese USD  ......  Subscription required *
* According to 2020 study / presentation.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Operating Costs:

Units2020
OP mining costs ($/t milled) USD 26.2 *
Processing costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
G&A ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Total operating costs ($/t milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
* According to 2020 study.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

2020 Study Costs and Valuation Metrics :

MetricsUnitsLOM Total
Sustaining CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Closure costs $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Total CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
OP OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Processing OpEx $M USD 346.8
G&A costs $M USD 25.1
Total OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Total Taxes $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Gross revenue (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
EBITDA (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 0% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 8% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 0% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 8% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Proposed Heavy Mobile Equipment as of February 1, 2020:
HME TypeModelSizeQuantity
Backhoe ....................... Subscription required 1
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 2
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 1
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 1
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 1
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 4
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 1
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Feb 1, 2020
Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2019
................................... Subscription required 2018
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

News:

NewsDate
Giyani Closes Upsized Private Placement Financing Raising Gross Proceeds of Approximately $7.5 Million December 23, 2020
Giyani Announces Upsized Marketed Private Placement Financing to $6.5 Million (In Canadian Dollars unless otherwise stated) December 9, 2020
Giyani Metals Corp.: Approval Received for Scoping and Terms of Reference for K.Hill Environmental Social Impact Assessment December 4, 2020
Giyani Announces Marketed Private Placement Financing December 4, 2020
Giyani Metals Corp.: Scoping and Terms of Reference for K.Hill Environmental Social Impact Assessment; Response to DEA Comments Completed October 28, 2020
Giyani Announces Non-Brokered Private Placement Financing May 19, 2020
Giyani Files Updated and Amended Technical Report for K.Hill Manganese Project, Botswana April 28, 2020
Giyani Receives In-Principal Project Finance Support from the Export Credit Agency of the Netherlands March 25, 2020
Giyani Starts the Tendering Process for Reclamation Work at its Manganese Deposits in Botswana September 11, 2019
Giyani Announces Positive PEA Results for its K.Hill Manganese Project in Botswana with an After-Tax Net Present Value of C$379 Million (US$285 Million) August 15, 2019
Giyani Receives Responses To Environmental Management Plans From The Department Of Environmental Affairs In Botswana March 15, 2019

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