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United States
Gibellini Project

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 Location:
34 km SW from Eureka, Nevada, United States

  Project Contacts:
Suite 1610 – 409 Granville Street
Vancouver
British Columbia, Canada
V6C 1T2
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  • Filings & News

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Overview

StagePermitting
Mine TypeOpen Pit
Commodities
  • Vanadium
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
Processing
  • Solvent Extraction
  • Sulfuric acid (reagent)
  • Acid leach
  • Dewatering
  • Hydrochloric acid (reagent)
  • Heap leach
Mine Life11.1 years (as of Jan 1, 2021)
Gibellini Project consists of the Gibellini, Louie Hill and Bisoni–McKay vanadium deposits.

The 2021 PEA envisages mining of the Gibellini and Louie Hill deposits.
Latest NewsSilver Elephant Announces Filing of Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Gibellini Vanadium Project, Nevada, USA     October 14, 2021


Owners

Source:
CompanyInterestOwnership
Silver Elephant Mining Corp. Indirect
Nevada Vanadium Mining Corp. (operator) 100 % Direct
September 23, 2021 / Silver Elephant Mining Corp. is pleased to provide the following update further to its news release dated August 26, 2021 with respect to the Company’s proposed plan of arrangement (the “Arrangement”) to spin-out its Nevada based Gibellini Vanadium project.
Upon completion of the Arrangement, it is currently expected that a SpinCo will focus on its corresponding core business with:
Nevada Vanadium, a new Canadian reporting issuer, holding a 100% interest in the Gibellini vanadium project in Nevada.
January 12, 2022 – Silver Elephant Mining Corp. announces that it has received final approval of the British Columbia Supreme Court for its previously announced plan of arrangement. The effective date of the Arrangement is January 14, 2022.

Deposit Type

  • Sediment-hosted


Summary:

The Gibellini deposit occurs within organic-rich siliceous mudstone, siltstone, and chert of the Gibellini facies of the Devonian Age Woodruff Formation.

In general, the beds strike north-northwest and dip from 15º to 50º to the west. The black shale unit which hosts the vanadium Mineral Resource is from 175 ft to over 300 ft thick and overlies gray mudstone of the Bisoni facies. The shale has been oxidized to various hues of yellow and orange up to a depth of 100 ft.

Alteration (oxidation) of the rocks is classified as one of three oxide codes: oxidized, transitional, and reduced. Vanadium grade changes across these boundaries. The transitional zone reports the highest average grades and RMP geologists interpreted this zone to have been upgraded by supergene processes.

The Louie Hill deposit lies approximately 500 m south of the Gibellini deposit, being separated from the latter by a prominent drainage. Mineralization at Louie Hill is hosted by organic- rich siliceous mudstone, siltstone, and chert of the Gibellini facies of the Devonian Woodruff Formation and probably represents a dissected piece of the same allochthonous fault wedge containing the Gibellini deposit.

Mineralized beds cropping out on Louie Hill are often contorted and shattered but in general strike in a north–south direction, and dip to the west 0 to 40º.

Rocks underlying the Louie Hill Deposit consist of mudstone, siltstone and fine-grained sandstone probably of Mississippian age (Webb and/or Chainman Formations).

Oxidation of the mineralized rocks has produced light-colored material with local red and yellow bands of concentrated vanadium minerals.

Vanadium mineralization at Gibellini and Louie Hill is hosted in black shale sedimentary rocks. Mineralization is tabular, conformable with bedding, and remarkably continuous in grade and thickness between drill holes.

Alteration of the rocks is limited to oxidation and is classified as one of the three oxide codes: 1 = oxidized, 2 = transitional, and 3 = reduced. Vanadium grades change across these boundaries. The transitional zone reports the highest average grades, the oxide zone reports the next highest average grades, and the reduced zone reports the lowest average grades.

In the oxidized zone, complex vanadium oxides occur in fractures in the sedimentary rocks including metahewettite (CaV6O16·H2O), bokite (KAl3Fe6V26O76·30H2O), schoderite (Al2PO4VO4·8H2O), and metaschoderite (Al2PO4VO4·6- 8H2O). In the reduced sediments, vanadium occurs in organic material (kerogen) made up of fine grained, flaky, and stringy organism fragments less than 15 µm in size (Bohlke et al., 1981).

Other workers found vanadium mineralization to occur within manganese modules (psilomene family) in the shale (Assad and Laguiton, 1973). X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineral identification by SGS Lakefield Research in Ontario, Canada reported the occurrence of the vanadium mineral fernandinite (CaV8O20·H2O) (SGS, 2007). Other minerals reported to occur at Gibellini are marcasite, sphalerite, pyrite, and molybdenite (Desborough et al., 1984).


Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader


Summary:

Based on the geometry and the depth of both Gibellini and Louie Hill deposits, surface mining methods are considered most economically amenable.

Open pit mining optimization inputs for the Project are based on an open pit bulk mining method. Contract mining is assumed for a contractor using a small equipment fleet.

Five pit phases were developed for the Project. Phases I, II and III are mined from the Gibellini deposit and Phases IV and Phase V are mined from the Louie Hill deposit. The Gibellini pit will be mined first in its entirety based on the confidence categories of the resource estimate, and the preliminary nature of the Louie Hill pit, as opposed to having the pits based on optimized grade.

The phases were selected from the different resulting pit optimization shells and based on operational parameters such as bench advance and pushback widths.

Mining at the Gibellini pit will start at elevation 7120 ft on the northernmost area of the deposit and mining in the Louie Hill pit will start at elevation 7220 ft. The deepest bench of Gibellini will be at elevation 6740 ft to remain above the local water table and facilitate pit drainage. At Louie Hill, the deepest bench to be mined will be at elevation 6920 ft.

Two waste rock storage facilities (WRSFs) were designed for a total capacity of 4.1 Mst. Only non acid generating (NAG) material will be placed on waste dumps. All potentially yacid generating (PAG) material will be included with the mineralized material and stacked on the heap leach pad.

Waste material from the Gibellini pit will be stored in a planned East WRSF that will have a maximum capacity of 2.5 Mst. An additional 2 Mst of inert waste material from the slot-cut area of the Gibellini pit will be used as construction material for the Louie Hill haul road.

Waste from the Louie Hill pit is currently all classified as NAG and will be stored on a planned West WRSF and have a capacity of 1.6 Mst. This material can also be used as construction material or backfill within the Gibellini pit if needed.

Contract mining is assumed for mining both Gibellini and Louie Hill based on the following assumptions:
- Drilling and blasting is required with an assumed powder factor of 0.25 lb explosive per short ton of rock;
- Conventional truck and loader operation with an assume fleet of 100 st trucks and 14 yd3 loaders;
- Haul road, pit, and WRSFs maintained using a convention fleet of support equipment inclusive of graders, track dozers, and water trucks;
- Owner-supplied truck shop and office facilities;
- Contract mining assumes 20 hours per day, four days a week operation using two mining crews;
- Leach material will be direct fed into the primary crusher for crushing and agglomeration. A small day-stockpile will be utilized to balance feed flow into the crusher when necessary.
The Owner will be responsible for the following:
- Blast hole sampling and grade control;
- Surveying;
- Short-range and long-range planning.


Crushing and Grinding
Flow Sheet: Source
Crusher / Mill TypeModelSizePowerQuantity
Jaw crusher 32" x 20" 100 HP 1
Cone crusher 300 HP 1
Hammer mill 1

Summary:

Crushing
Run-of-mine (ROM) feed will be fed through a stationary grizzly screen into the dump pocket. The mineralized material will be dumped by truck or may be fed via a front-end loader. The mineralized material will be withdrawn from the ROM dump pocket and fed to the wobbler feeder by an apron feeder.

Fines will drop through the openings of the wobbler feeder and the oversize material (plus 2 inches) will be directed to the primary jaw crusher, where it will be reduced from a feed size of approximately 17 inches to a product size of 80% passing 2.6 inches. The fines will be combined with the jaw crusher discharge on the primary crushing discharge conveyor. The combined material will be transferred via an overland conveyor to the coarse ore stockpile stacker. The stacker will discharge the material onto the coarse ore stockpile. The primary crushing conveyor may divert from primary crusher discharge conveyor to an emergency loadout pile in the case of an extended conveyor shutdown on the overland conveyor.

Secondary Crushing and Screening
The reclaim conveyor will discharge onto a double deck clay vibrating screen. The screen oversize material will be directed to the screen oversize conveyor, which will then discharge to the surge bin ahead of the secondary crusher. The screen undersize will discharge onto the agglomerator feed conveyor. The secondary crusher feeder will feed material to the secondary cone crusher, where screen oversize material will be reduced from a size of approximately 5 inches to a product size of around ½ inch. The secondary crusher will discharge onto the secondary crusher discharge conveyor will feed the material to the double deck vibrating classification screen. Screen oversize material (plus ½ inch) will combine with screen oversize from the clay screen onto the screen oversize conveyor. The screen undersize, around ½ inch, discharges onto the agglomerator feed conveyor.


Processing

  • Solvent Extraction
  • Sulfuric acid (reagent)
  • Acid leach
  • Dewatering
  • Hydrochloric acid (reagent)
  • Heap leach

Flow Sheet: Subscription required

Summary:

The design for the process plant is based on processing the mined material through a heap leach operation using heap-leach technology and standard proven equipment.

Commercial heap leaching and solvent extraction recovery of vanadium mineralization has not been done before; nonetheless, heap leaching and solvent extraction recovery are common technology in the mining industry. The most notable examples are the multiple copper heap leach projects that use an acid leach solution to mobilize the metal followed by recovery in a solvent extraction plant, which is then followed by electrowinning. The Project process applies the same acid heap leaching and solvent extraction technology to recover vanadium. However, instead of electro-winning, the Project process will use an acid strip followed by precipitation to produce a final product.

Agglomeration and Heap Leach
The agglomerator feed conveyor will transport the crushed product to the agglomeration. Sulfuric a ........

Recoveries & Grades:

CommodityParameterAvg. LOM
Vanadium Recovery Rate, % 63.4
Vanadium Head Grade, % 0.27

Projected Production:

CommodityUnitsAvg. AnnualLOM
Vanadium M lbs 10115
All production numbers are expressed as oxide.

Operational Metrics:

Metrics
Daily milling rate  ......  Subscription required
Stripping / waste ratio  ......  Subscription required
Daily ore mining rate  ......  Subscription required
Waste tonnes, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Ore tonnes mined, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Total tonnes mined, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Tonnes milled, LOM  ......  Subscription required
Annual milling rate  ......  Subscription required
Annual ore mining rate  ......  Subscription required
* According to 2021 study.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Reserves at June 5, 2021:
Mineral Resources for Gibellini and Louie Hill deposits are reported at various cut-off grades for oxide (0.101 % V2O5), transition (0.086 % V2O5), and reduced material (0.116 % V2O5).
Mineral Resources for Bisoni–McKay are reported at various cut-off grades for oxide (0.107 % V2O5), transition (0.124 % V2O5), and reduced material (0.139 % V2O5).

CategoryOreTypeTonnage CommodityGradeContained Metal
Measured Transitional 3,980 k tons V2O5 0.377 % 29,980 k lbs
Measured Oxide 3,960 k tons V2O5 0.251 % 19,870 k lbs
Indicated Transitional 7,190 k tons V2O5 0.325 % 46,730 k lbs
Indicated Oxide 7,830 k tons V2O5 0.222 % 34,760 k lbs
Measured & Indicated Total 22,950 k tons V2O5 0.286 % 131,340 k lbs
Inferred Total 42,340 k tons V2O5 0.269 % 227,810 k lbs

Commodity Production Costs:

CommodityUnitsAverage
Cash costs V2O5 USD  ......  Subscription required *
All-in sustaining costs (AISC) V2O5 USD  ......  Subscription required *
Pre-tax break-even price V2O5 USD  ......  Subscription required *
Assumed price V2O5 USD  ......  Subscription required *
* According to 2021 study / presentation.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Operating Costs:

Units2021
OP mining costs ($/ton mined) USD 2.84 *
OP mining costs ($/ton milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Processing costs ($/ton milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
G&A ($/ton milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
Total operating costs ($/ton milled) USD  ......  Subscription required
* According to 2021 study.
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

2021 Study Costs and Valuation Metrics :

MetricsUnitsLOM Total
Initial CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Sustaining CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Closure costs $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Total CapEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
OP OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Processing OpEx $M USD 393.7
G&A costs $M USD 32.4
Total OpEx $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Mining Taxes $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Income Taxes $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Gross revenue (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Net revenue (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Net Operating Income (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax NPV @ 7% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 5% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 10% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax NPV @ 7% $M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
After-tax IRR, %  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
After-tax payback period, years  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Proposed Heavy Mobile Equipment as of August 30, 2021:
HME TypeModelQuantityLeased or
Contractor
ANFO Loader ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Leased
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Aug 30, 2021
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Aug 30, 2021
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Apr 11, 2022
Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
................................... Subscription required 2021
................................... Subscription required 2021
................................... Subscription required 2021
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2019
................................... Subscription required 2019
Preliminary Economic Assessment 2018
Press Release 2018
Technical Report 2017
Technical Report 2011
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

News:

NewsDate
Silver Elephant Announces Filing of Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Gibellini Vanadium Project, Nevada, USA October 14, 2021
Silver Elephant Provides Update and Schedule on Plan of Arrangement September 23, 2021
Silver Elephant: Gibellini Vanadium Project’s PEA Shows 25.4% After Tax IRR At $10/lb V2O5, Capex $147 Million August 30, 2021
Silver Elephant Announces Execution of Plan of Arrangement and Spin-Out of Nickel and Vanadium Assets August 26, 2021
Silver Elephant Proposes a Return to Pure Silver Miner with Nickel and Vanadium Spin-Outs May 14, 2021
Prophecy to Submit Key State Permit Applications by end of Q3 2019 for Its Gibellini Vanadium Project July 19, 2019
Prophecy Submits Enhanced Plan of Operations for its Gibellini Vanadium Project On Schedule July 8, 2019
Prophecy Contracts NewFields to Advance Permitting/EIS for Gibellini Vanadium Project August 24, 2018
Prophecy Files Preliminary Economic Assessment for Gibellini Vanadium Project June 26, 2018
Prophecy Announces Positive Preliminary Economic Assessment Study for the Gibellini Vanadium Project May 29, 2018

Aerial view:

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