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Turkiye

Pinargozu Mine

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Overview

Mine TypeUnderground
StatusActive
Commodities
  • Zinc
  • Lead
  • Silver
Mining Method
  • Cut & Fill
  • Shrinkage stoping
Backfill type ... Lock
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SnapshotProduction is DSO (Direct Shipping Ore) grade materia at the Pinargozu mine. Future mine production will be predominantly higher grade zinc sulphides of about 50% zinc.

Owners

SourceSource
CompanyInterestOwnership
Pasinex Resources Ltd. 50 % Indirect
Akmetal Madencilik AS 50 % Indirect
Horzum Arama Isletme AS (operator) 100 % Direct
Pasinex owns 50% of Horzum Maden Arama ve Isletme Anonim Sirketi (“Horzum AS”) which holds the producing Pinargozu high grade zinc mine, through its 100% owned subsidiary Pasinex Arama ve Madencilik Anonim Sirketi. The other 50% owner is Akmetal Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. (“Akmetal”), a private Turkish company.

Contractors

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Deposit type

  • Mississippi Valley Type
  • Stratabound
  • Carbonate replacement

Summary:

Pinargozu and Horzum’s passive margin setting with inversion and collisional orogeny is favourable for the formation of MVT and Irish-type zinc deposits. The post-collisional Neogene magmatism on the Anatolian plateau is permissive of skarn/manto (or CRD) type deposits; CRD deposits typically form distal from porphyritic intrusions in magmatic arc or back-arc settings.

Pinargozu and Horzum occur within the Tufanbeyli–Horzum Zinc Belt, where mineralisation has generally been interpreted as MVT deposits, formed within the passive- margin platform carbonate sequences with fluid-flow systems related to the Cimmerian or Alpine orogenic compression and uplift. However, the deposits in the Nigde, Zamanti, Keban district have been described as intrusive-related.

Mining to date at Pinargozu has mainly been of secondary zinc mineralisation, formed through supergene oxidation of massive sulphide mineralisation. Primary massive sulphide mineralisation is becoming more dominant as the mine becomes deeper.

Sulphide Mineralisation
The primary mineralisation is characterised by coarse massive sphalerite-rich sulphide with subordinate pyrite. Massive galena also occurs and typically post-dates sphalerite, cutting and replacing sphalerite and associated with more abundant carbonate gangue. The carbonate weathers brown and is interpreted to be iron-rich and potentially manganoan. The absence of a black weathering patina suggests that manganese is subsidiary.

Contacts of massive sulphide with bleached limestone are sharp, with minor disseminated and clotty sulphide in the limestone. Based on mining, the mineralisation is crudely stratabound within the central part of the Degirmentas Formation. Observations underground suggest that massive sulphide contacts are mainly stratabound.

Secondary Zinc Mineralisation
During weathering of massive sulphide deposits in limestone, sulphide oxidation generates acid which readily transports Zn, and to a lesser extent Pb, until neutralised by carbonate wall rocks. Secondary zinc mineralisation can be direct replacement, where neutralisation is almost immediate and secondary minerals directly replace primary, or wall-rock replacement where zinc is transported out of the primary deposit and are precipitated by reaction with the wall rock, often in acid-enhanced karst cavity systems (Hitzman et al., 2003). Acid generation capacity is strongly related to pyrite content, which is low at Pinargozu.

Secondary zinc mineralisation at Pinargozu consists mainly of smithsonite, ZnCO3, and hemimorphite, Zn4Si2O7(OH)2·H2O, with minor amount of replacive hydrozincite, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6. Secondary zinc mineralisation is associated with abundant concentrations of Fe-oxides and hydroxides and cerussite, PbCO3, as well as remnant galena, sphalerite, and pyrite. Very high-grade zinc mineralisation (>40% Zn) is associated with banded smithsonite.

Mineralisation is accompanied by a general tenor of >50 g/t silver. Local pockets of high grade silver (>250 g/t) exist, most notably in the southern lodes where sulphide proportions are higher. Elevated lead concentrations (typically galena) are almost entirely restricted to these southern lodes where, as development has extended deeper, sulphide mineralisation has become more prevalent.

Reserves

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Mining Methods

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Comminution

Crushers and Mills

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Processing

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Production

CommodityProductUnits202320222021202020192018201720162015
Zinc Ore wmt  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe17,81245,75757,67526,46215,029
Zinc Metal in ore M lbs  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe14313918
^ Guidance / Forecast.

Operational metrics

Metrics2019
Daily mining rate 170 t
Annual mining rate 60,000 t

Production Costs

CommodityUnits202220212020201920182017
Cash costs Zinc USD  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe 0.42 / lb **   0.25 / lb **   0.19 / lb **  
** Net of By-Product.

Operating Costs

Currency2022202120202019201820172016
UG mining costs ($/t milled) CAD 380  383  313  436  229  183  288  

Financials

Units202220212020201920182017
Revenue M CAD  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe 14.6   2.6   31.8  
Operating Income M CAD  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe 4.6   14.8  
After-tax Income M CAD  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe -5.6   -10.1   16.3  
Sales margin M CAD  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe  ....  Subscribe 5.1   14.8   20.4  

Heavy Mobile Equipment

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Personnel

Mine Management

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Jan 29, 2019
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Sep 27, 2023
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Sep 27, 2023

Total WorkforceYear
...... Subscription required 2022
...... Subscription required 2021
...... Subscription required 2020
...... Subscription required 2016

Aerial view:

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