The four deposits at Zawar Group are hosted by low grade metamorphosed sediments consisting of greywackes, phyllites, dolomites and quartzites that unconformably overlay the Pre-Cambrian basement. The lead-zinc-pyrite mineralisation is strata bound and occurs as vein-stringers reflecting the high level of fractures within the more competent dolomites. There are multiple ore bodies that are complex in some areas as the lenses split and enclose waste rock. The ore bodies are steeply dipping.

Zawar consists of four mines namely, Mochia, Balaria, Zawar Mala and Baroi.

Lead –Zinc ore is divided into stope blocks which are drilled and blasted using long hole open stoping mining method. Loading and transportation is done using combination of LHDs, LPDTs, LOCO and shaft hoisting to surface. Ore is either crushed to underground or at surface to feed mill. Waste is disposed in voids created during stoping operation or utilized for tailing dam construction.

Ore processing is carried out in a conventional comminution and flotation plant having facility for “differential” as well as “bulk flotation” of zinc and lead metals. The ore is crushed primarily underground and then hoisted to the surface. Thereafter, the ore is crushed to 12 to 15mm in size before being milled to 74 microns. In the differential flotation process, milled ore is conveyed separately to two lead flotation circuits and undergoes a process incorporating roughing, scavenging and cleaning. Lead flotation tails proceed to two zinc flotation circuits comprising roughing, scavenging and cleaning. Zinc flotation tails are disposed in slurry form in designated tailings disposal area. Lead and zinc concentrates are thickened, filtered and then stored before they are sent to HZL’s smelters. In the bulk flotation process, milled ore is conveyed to the flotation circuit and undergoes a process incorporating roughing, scavenging and cleaning. Final bulk concentrate is thickened, filt ........