The late Miocene to Pliocene Muara Enim Formation is the main coal-bearing formation present in the South Sumatra Basin. The thickness of this formation, in the area around Muara Enim and Lahat, is around 500-700m.The thickness of individual coal seams varies with the thickness of the formation, typically varying between 10 m to 30 m in thickness, with shallow marine clays at the base, and shoreline and delta plain facies (sand, clay, coal) at the top.

Muara Lakitan (ML Block)
The deposit has multiple coal seams with up to ten seams identified from Seam 200 to Seam 1050, in descending stratigraphic order (denoted I_200 to I_1050 respectively for modelling purposes) with multiple subseams and seam splits.

The in-situ coal is of lignite rank, with high Total Moisture (average TM 36.2%), low Calorific Value (CV 5,015 kcal/kg air-dried basis), low ash (average 5.3%) and low sulphur (average 0.3%).

Seam dips are relatively consistent in Muara Lakitan and are typically of the order of 15 to 20 degrees to the northeast. The Muara Lakitan is bounded to the north and south by major northwest trending transverse faults and is sub-divided into a number of sub-blocks by smaller-scale subparallel faults.

Belani (BL) Sub-block
The deposit has multiple coal seams with eleven different coal seams and their sub seams identified at Belani. These seams have a combined strike length of over 4km.The main seams out of the total package have be ........

Open-cut mining by mining contractors, using suitably sized truck and excavator is proposed. The mining method can be described as a “multi seam, moderate to steep dip, open-cut coal mine using truck and shovel equipment in a combination of strip and haul back operations"

The assumptions are that due to the moderate to steep dip (15 -20 degree) of the coal, mining will need to occur in benches.

Muara Lakitan deposit
The coal seam distribution within the Muara Lakitan deposit resulted in the Optimiser identifying two main pits where the main bottom seam is 970. Seams 800 group and 900 groups are well developed in both the northern and southern pits. The pits were subject to adjustments to form a practical pit design, which lead to the exclusion of the minor narrow pit shells and the resultant formation of two separate pit shells (Mineable Pit Shells), which formed the basis of the subsequent reserves estimate.

Batukucing deposit
The coal seam distribution within the Batukucing deposit resulted in the Optimiser identifying the main pit where the main basal seam is B910 well developed in the pit. The pit was subjected to adjustments to form a practical pit design, which led to the exclusion of the minor narrow pit shells and the resultant formation of the main pit shell, (Mineable Pit Shell), which formed the basis of the subsequent reserves estimate.

Belani deposit
The coal seam distribution within the Belani deposit re ........

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