Overview
Stage | Pre-Feasibility |
Mine Type | Open Pit |
Commodities |
|
Mining Method |
|
Mine Life | 25 years (as of Jan 1, 2021) |
The PAK lithium project contains North America's highest-grade lithium resource and is the largest in Ontario by size.
Following the encouraging results from the Company's Preliminary Feasibility Study (PFS) on the Project the Company moves to the next stage of project engineering. The fully integrated mine, mill, and refinery flowsheet demonstrated in the PFS will be studied in two distinct scopes at the DFS level with the mine and mill scope set to conclude in the next 12-18 months. |
Latest News | Frontier Lithium And Mitsubishi Corporation Form Joint Venture To Advance The First Fully Integrated Lithium Operation In Ontario, Canada March 4, 2024 |
Source:
The Property is presently owned 100% by Frontier Lithium.
On March 4, 2024, Frontier Lithium Inc. announced a definitive agreement with Mitsubishi Corporation ("Mitsubishi") (Tokyo Stock Exchange: 8058:JP) to establish a joint venture partnership ("JV") for the PAK Lithium Project mine and planned lithium chemicals conversion facility.
The key terms of the Transaction are summarized below:
* Frontier will contribute all assets related to the Project in exchange for a 92.5% interest in the JV and will serve as the manager of the JV.
* Mitsubishi will acquire an initial 7.5% interest in the JV for C$25 million ("Tranche 1").
* Post completion of the DFS, Mitsubishi will have the right to acquire an additional 17.5% interest in the JV to a total of 25% interest at a price based on the net value of the Project as shown in the DFS. ("Tranche 2").
* Frontier anticipates these conditions to be satisfied in 2025.
Contractors
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Summary:
Deposit Types
Frontier Lithium’s target or deposit model is the highly evolved, granitic, rare-element lithium-cesium-tantalum bearing (LCT) complex type, petalite subtype pegmatite. The Tanco pegmatite situated in the Bird River belt in southeastern Manitoba is the best known and a world-class example of this type of deposit model.
Of the five classes, the rare-element class is the group with the most attractive economic potential and can represent economic sources of tantalum, ceramic grade spodumene, rubidium, and the main cesium ore mineral, pollucite.The lithium rich, rare-element pegmatites are not common and comprise <0.1% of the total known pegmatites (Kesler, et al, 2012).
The rare-element class of granitic pegmatites is generated by the differentiation of fertile, S-type granitic plutons. This differentiation process of the parental granite is accompanied by the progressive accumulation of lithophile rare-elements as well as elements such as thallium, tantalum, hafnium, gallium, germanium, boron, fluorine, and phosphorus (Cerný and Ercit, 2005). The pegmatite field results when the lithophile rare-element enriched residual melt is expelled from the fertile granite and assuming suitable channels exist migrates outward and upward away from the granite.A field can be comprised of many pegmatites over a distance of a few kilometres from the source granite. The field itself shows an increasing fractionation moving away from the source granite.< ........
Summary:
Open Pit mining is the selected method of extraction for this PEA. The underground resource at PEA is not considered as part of this PEA.
The Open Pit mine plan was scheduled on an annual basis for the 25-year pit life of the Pak deposit and 25-year pit life for the Spark deposit.
The mining method selected for the project will be a conventional open pit, truck and shovel, drill and blast operation. Minimal vegetation, topsoil, and overburden will be stripped and stockpiled for future reclamation use. The mineralization and waste rock will be mined with 10 m high benches, drilled, blasted, and loaded into haul trucks with a hydraulic excavator and a loader for back-up.
The PAK Lithium Project is designed as a conventional truck-shovel operation assuming 36 nominal tonnes trucks and 5 m³ shovel. Mining at the PAK open pit is planned to produce a total of 5.5 Mt of material (2.9 Mt of chemical grade at average Li2O grade of 1.75 and 2.6 Mt of technical grade at average of Li2O of 1.90), 33.4 Mt of waste for a 1:6 overall strip ratio, for a period of 24 years (excluding 1 year of pre-production). Mining at the Spark open pit is planned to produce 17.2 Mt of mineralization and 48.6 Mt of waste for a 1:2.82 overall strip ratio, for a period of 23 years. The current life-of-mine (LOM) plan focuses on achieving consistent production rates in the production schedule, as well as balancing grade and strip ratios.
The design parameters includ ........
Source:
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Flow Sheet:
Summary:
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Reserves at January 22, 2021:
Open Pit Mineral Resources are reported at a cut-off of 0.60%Li2O. Underground Mineral Resources are reported at a cut-off of 0.80%Li2O.
Category | OreType | Tonnage | Commodity | Grade | Contained Commodity |
Measured
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
1,344,600 t
|
Li2O
|
2.14 %
|
28,790 t
|
Measured
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
1,344,600 t
|
Ta2O5
|
94 ppm
|
|
Indicated
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
7,880,400 t
|
Li2O
|
1.66 %
|
131,096 t
|
Indicated
|
In-Situ (UG)
|
1,265,530 t
|
Li2O
|
2.14 %
|
21,127 t
|
Indicated
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
7,880,400 t
|
Ta2O5
|
|
|
Indicated
|
In-Situ (UG)
|
1,265,530 t
|
Ta2O5
|
91 ppm
|
|
Inferred
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
16,398,500 t
|
Li2O
|
1.32 %
|
217,798 t
|
Inferred
|
In-Situ (UG)
|
2,077,750 t
|
Li2O
|
2.37 %
|
49,214 t
|
Inferred
|
In-Situ (OP)
|
16,398,500 t
|
Ta2O5
|
|
|
Inferred
|
In-Situ (UG)
|
2,077,750 t
|
Ta2O5
|
73 ppm
|
|
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