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United States
Castle Mountain Mine

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 Location:
96 km S from Las Vegas, California, United States

  Regional Office:
Suite 1501, 700 West Pender St.
Vancouver
British Columbia, Canada
V6C 1G8
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  • Overview
  • Owners
  • Geology
  • Mining
  • Processing
  • Production
  • Reserves
  • Financials
  • Fleet
  • Personnel
  • Filings & News

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Overview

StageProduction
Mine TypeOpen Pit
Commodities
  • Gold
  • Silver
Mining Method
  • Truck & Shovel / Loader
Processing
  • Gravity separation
  • Heap leach
  • Concentrate leach
  • Carbon in leach (CIL)
  • Carbon in column (CIC)
  • Carbon adsorption-desorption-recovery (ADR)
  • Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning
  • Cyanide (reagent)
Mine Life16 years (as of Jan 1, 2019)
September 17, 2020- The construction of the Phase 1 mine at its Castle Mountain Gold Mine in California is complete, irrigation of the leach pad is underway and first gold pour is expected in Q4-2020.

The Company is completing a feasibility study for the potential Phase 2 expansion, which is expected to average 200,000 ounces of gold annually. The Phase 2 feasibility study is targeted for completion in Q4-2020.

The Phase 2 feasibility study reviewing potential to expand production to 200,000 oz per year.
Latest NewsEquinox Gold Reports Record Production with 136,400 Ounces of Gold Produced in Fourth Quarter     January 11, 2021


Owners & OPERATOR

Source:
CompanyInterestOwnership
NewCastle Gold Ltd. (operator) 100 % Direct
Equinox Gold  Corp. 100 % Indirect
DECEMBER 22, 2017 - Equinox Gold Corp. (TSX-V: EQX), formerly Trek Mining Inc. (TSX-V: TREK), announced that Trek Mining Inc., NewCastle Gold Ltd. (“NewCastle”) and Anfield Gold Corp. (“Anfield”) have combined their businesses to create Equinox Gold.

Deposit Type

  • Epithermal
  • Breccia pipe / Stockwork


Summary:

Various styles of gold mineralization occur on the Property. Mineralization is found within stockwork veins, tectonic and hydrothermal breccias, and in microfracture-controlled disseminations. The mineralization style can be classified as low-sulphidation epithermal (LSE) with high-grade gold+adularia veins within broad zones of hydrothermal alteration.

Strongly brecciated and silicified volcanic rocks host gold mineralization occurring as electrum and native gold. Mineralization occurs in stockwork veins, tectonic and hydrothermal breccia, and microfracture-controlled disseminations. The hydrothermal brecciation, silicification, and stockwork development are spatially associated with faults and fracture zones (AMEC, 2002). Some of these structures pre-dated mineralization while others developed approximately the same time. The gold mineralization and hydrothermal alteration are associated with low sulphidation epithermal fluids that were channelled along these structural breaks. Dating of adularia (potassium feldspars) in quartz veins suggests that the gold mineralization developed during or shortly after the emplacement of the rhyolite domes.

Coarse gold occurrences and zones of high-grade mineralization are commonly characterized by open-space textures with fluid inclusion evidence of a primary boiling horizon between approximately 3,800 ft and 4,200 ft despite the fact that visible gold and high-grade mineralization occur over 300 ft above and below this horizon. Gangue material is typical of episodic, low-temperature silicification, potassic metasomatism (adularia), and possibly some early albitization (Holland, 1996).

Pyroclastic rocks lie beneath and between the flow domes and have a limited areal extent. Remnants of tuff rings, ash flows of limited extent, surge and near-source pumice block layers, and thin air-fall beds comprise the pyroclastic deposits. The remnant tuff rings are filled with, and locally overlain by, intrusive and extrusive phases of the flow domes.

Intrusive phases of the flow domes dominate proximal to the higher grade gold mineralization. Extrusive sequences on the eastern and western side of the range, flanking the domes and usually at lower elevations, include lava flows, pyroclastic deposits, and epiclastic sediments. The development of a lacustrine basin on the western flank of the Castle Mountains during the time of volcanism is indicated by thin layers of discontinuous mudstone/shale within the rhyolite sequence. These sedimentary layers were logged in drill holes.

Mineralization in the vicinity of the open pits appears to have occurred approximately 800 ft to 1,200 ft below the highest exposure of the rhyolite domes. These exposures are believed to be the top of domes at the time of emplacement. This conclusion is based on the chaotic, highly variable flow foliations near the highest point, the presence of near-source pyroclastic aprons, and by “onion skin” foliation patterns toward the flanks. Similar patterns are observed in the vicinity of the South Domes.

Alteration types related to the gold mineralized zones include propylitic, hypogene oxidation, argillic, potassic, and silicic alteration. The strike length of the alteration is up to 1.5 mi with a width of about 1,500 ft. The most common alteration associated with gold mineralization is silicification along with argillic alteration although the latter is not generally associated with higher grade material. As mentioned above, potassic metasomatism and signs of early albitization are also present. Secondary, finely disseminated pyrite mineralization is commonly associated with gold. Hypogene alteration overprinting these alteration types is common as is secondary supergene oxidation and weak supergene argillic alteration. Iron oxides display a zonation with stronger alteration found in the central mineralized zone and weaker alteration on the periphery.


Mining Methods

  • Truck & Shovel / Loader


Summary:

Mine design and preparation of the mining reserves was completed using conventional open-pit design practice. The designs are based on the $850/oz Lerchs-Grosmann optimal pit solution. From that initial pit design, ramp systems were designed and the pits were divided into 14 different laybacks/phases. Mining of the pits was subsequently scheduled to provide the required ore per year in the plan while balancing the waste mining to ensure proper development of the Project.

During the first two years of operations mining will be performed exclusively by a mining contractor. In years 3 and 4 the mining contractor will continue mining and will also assist with pre-stripping operations, which will be primarily undertaken by the Company’s own mining fleet. Contract mining operations will cease by year 5. Grade control will be performed by Castle Mountain personnel throughout the mine life.

It is anticipated that the mining contractor will use a fleet of 85-tonne to 100-tonne capacity rear dump trucks and equivalent class front-end- loaders. The initial owner fleet is expected to comprise 17 180-tonne capacity rear dump trucks and four 425-tonne class excavators. Mining will take place on 6.1-metre (20 foot) benches, with double benching anticipated in waste areas.

Mining costs are estimated at $1.39 per tonne mined over the current LOM.


Crushing and Grinding


Processing

  • Gravity separation
  • Heap leach
  • Concentrate leach
  • Carbon in leach (CIL)
  • Carbon in column (CIC)
  • Carbon adsorption-desorption-recovery (ADR)
  • Solvent Extraction & Electrowinning
  • Cyanide (reagent)

Flow Sheet: Subscription required

Summary:

The processing plan has been divided into two stages:

- Stage 1 (Years 1-3) considers processing 14,000 tons per day of ROM backfill material from the JSLA pit, where it was stored from the previous operation. Excavated backfill material will be loaded into 100-ton haul trucks and stacked in 50- ft lifts. Quicklime (CaO) will be added to the material in the trucks for pH control before the ore is stacked and leached in two stages using a dilute sodium cyanide solution. Pregnant solution discharging from the heap will flow by gravity to a pregnant solution tank from which it will be pumped to a Carbon-in-Column (CIC) adsorption circuit. Gold and silver values will be loaded onto activated carbon and then be periodically stripped from the carbon in a desorption circuit, electrowon and smelted to produce the final doré product.

- Stage 2 (Years 4+) will be constructed during Year 3 and includes expanding the Stage 1 leach pad, adsorption and desorption circuits, and ........

CommodityParameter
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Production:

CommodityUnitsAvg. Annual (Projected)LOM (Projected)
Gold oz 173,3452,798,173
All production numbers are expressed as metal in doré.


Reserves at December 31, 2018:

CategoryTonnage CommodityGradeContained Metal
Proven 150.6 M tons Gold 0.017 oz/ton 2.56 M oz
Proven 136,611 kt Gold 0.58 g/t 2,558,775 oz
Probable 67.2 M tons Gold 0.015 oz/ton 1 M oz
Probable 60,978 kt Gold 0.51 g/t 1,004,318 oz
Proven & Probable 217.8 M tons Gold 0.016 oz/ton 3.56 M oz
Proven & Probable 197,589 kt Gold 0.56 g/t 3,563,093 oz
Measured 177.1 M tons Gold 0.0169 oz/ton 2.99 M oz
Measured 24,100 kt Gold 0.56 g/t
Indicated 89.7 M tons Gold 0.0149 oz/ton 1.34 M oz
Indicated 20,400 kt Gold 0.52 g/t
Measured & Indicated 266.8 M tons Gold 0.0162 oz/ton 4.33 M oz
Measured & Indicated 44,500 kt Gold 0.54 g/t 770,000 oz
Inferred 188.9 M tons Gold 0.0116 oz/ton 2.2 M oz
Inferred 171,395 kt Gold 0.4 g/t 2,210,000 oz

Financials:

Units2019
Capital expenditures M USD  ......  Subscription required
Operating Income M USD  ......  Subscription required
Pre-tax Income M USD  ......  Subscription required
After-tax Income M USD  ......  Subscription required
Subscription required - Subscription is required


Proposed Heavy Mobile Equipment as of August 28, 2018:
HME TypeModelSizeQuantity
Dozer (crawler) ....................... Subscription required 6
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 3
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 2
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 4
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 27
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required 2
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

Mine Management:

Job TitleNameProfileRef. Date
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Sep 21, 2020
....................... Subscription required ....................... Subscription required Subscription required Sep 21, 2020
Subscription required - Subscription is required.


Corporate Filings & Presentations:

DocumentYear
................................... Subscription required 2020
................................... Subscription required 2019
................................... Subscription required 2019
................................... Subscription required 2019
................................... Subscription required 2018
................................... Subscription required 2018
Technical Report 2016
Preliminary Economic Assessment 2014
Subscription required - Subscription is required.

News:

NewsDate
Equinox Gold Reports Record Production with 136,400 Ounces of Gold Produced in Fourth Quarter January 11, 2021
Equinox Gold Achieves Commercial Production at the Castle Mountain Gold Mine November 23, 2020
Equinox Gold Reports Third Consecutive Quarter of Record Results with 128,400 Ounces of Gold Sold and Earnings from Mine Operations of $98 Million November 9, 2020
Equinox Gold Completes Construction of Phase 1 Castle Mountain Mine September 17, 2020
Equinox Gold Commences Phase 1 Construction of the Castle Mountain Gold Mine October 30, 2019
Equinox Gold Announces $130 Million Strategic Investment by Mubadala Investment Company February 25, 2019
Equinox Gold Announces Filing of Castle Mountain NI 43-101 Technical Report August 29, 2018
Equinox Gold Announces Results of Castle Mountain Prefeasibility Study July 17, 2018

Aerial view:

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