Owing to its metamorphic grade, the Borden Gold deposit is markedly different from most known Archean-aged mesothermal gold occurrences. On the basis of visual evidence, which is yet to be supported by detailed petrographic studies, it is believed that the Borden Gold deposit is most closely associated with the disseminated gold sub-class.

The gold mineralization at the Borden Gold deposit occurs as a broad zone of disseminated and fracture-controlled sulphides within a volcano- metasedimentary package of variable composition. The main sulphides are pyrite and pyrrhotite, with the former typically dominating. The mineralization generally consists of low- to moderate-grade gold, with minor silver, and is characterized by a persistent higher-grade core surrounded by a lower-grade envelope. Results to date indicate that the higher-grade core improves in grade towards the southeast where it develops into a High-Grade Zone (HGZ) with average grades typically above 2.5 g/t Au.

The northwest portions of the deposit are characterized by local silicification but lack lithological control and quartz veining; while to the southeast a well-developed hydrothermal system consisting of local quartz flooding and potassic alteration predominates and defines the HGZ. The broad mineralized zone encompasses multiple/variable host rocks, dominated by metasedimentary horizons and subordinate intrusives of acidic to intermediate composition, all of which display feldspathi ........

Borden mine is the world’s first all-electric underground mine. Commercial gold production at Borden began in October 2019.

Mining method:
- Sub-level retreat.
- Cemented rock fill with waste backhaul from PGM for waste requirement.
- 15m longhole retreat – factored 24% dilution.
- ~2000tpd ore @ 7gpt to mill using proven production rates.
- 5x5m main haulage drifts.
- Diesel trucks & tethered (electric) scoops until quick-charge battery alternate is viable.
- Battery electric equipment.

Overall, the best fit for Borden was a fleet comprised of equipment from Sandvik and MacLean.
• Scoops: Sandvik LH 514 E – tethered electric.
• Trucks: Sandvik TH 54-0 diesel - with a firm commitment to a 40 T battery truck.
• Drills: Sandvik DD 422i.
• Bolters: MacLean MEM 975 Scissor Bolter.
• Utility Vehicles: MacLean Cassette Carries and Scissor Lift.
• Grader: MacLean conversion of a Cat 12 M2 diesel grader.

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