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Location: 8 km N from Jwaneng, Botswana
Private Bag 002JwanengBotswana
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Debswana is a joint venture between the government of Botswana and the South African diamond company De Beers; each party owns 50% of the company.
Anglo American owns 85% of De Beers Group, the world's leading diamond company. The remaining 15% is owned by the Government of the Republic of Botswana (GRB). De Beers Group and its partners produce around one third of the world's rough diamonds, by value.
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The geological environment at Jwaneng Mine in Botswana is characterized by a complex faulting system that preceded the emplacement of kimberlite into the Transvaal sedimentary sequence. Jwaneng mine is located in a region that forms part of the semi arid eastern Kalahari Desert in south – central Botswana with most of the area being covered by thick (50 to 80m) superficial deposits. The Jwaneng D/K2 kimberlite was emplaced as part of a cluster of 11 other kimberlites, with late Permian (280–225 Ma) emplacement ages. The country rock geology of Jwaneng mine is sub-divided into three major packages: Archaean basement; the Transvaal Supergroup, which can be sub-divided into local equivalents of the Pretoria Group sediments, unconformably underlain by the Malmani Dolomite; and a 55–60 m cover of sand and calcrete of the Kalahari Group. The pipes have been emplaced on deep-seated faults, which have in the past also acted as conduits for the emplacement of post-Transvaal-age diabase dykes. The basement in the region is dominated by Archaean amphibolitebearing granite-gneiss and tonalite.The mine extracts from the diamond-bearing kimberlite complex, consisting of three main pipes, known as the D/K2 kimberlite. D/K2 is a monogenetic trilobate kimberlite complex that coalesced at surface, forming a footprint at the pre-Kalahari erosional surface. It consists of several texturally distinct phases of kimberlite, which range from volcaniclastic kimberlite to pyroclastic kimberlite. The age relationships of the D/K2 kimberlite pipes have been interpreted from cross-cutting relationships. The oldest is the South, followed by the Centre and North lobes. A smaller fourth pipe is located adjacent to these three pipes, as well as the larger bilobate D/K7 pipe further to the south east. The latter has not been mined.
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