The Buffalo Reef and Selinsing gold deposits are thought to be mesothermal lode gold deposits, with auriferous quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite±stibnite veining, with associated hydrothermal alteration. The two deposits are structurally controlled and thought to be part of the same structural trend, with the Buffalo Reef deposit occurring along strike and to the north of the Selinsing deposit.

The Selinsing gold deposit is hosted by a 20 m to 100 m thick shear zone that dips 55° to 75° towards mine grid east (082° true grid). This zone or “envelope” of sheared rocks has been variably mineralised and intruded by gold-bearing quartz veins and stockworks. The quartz veins are likely to have been emplaced along fault surfaces, which are thought to be reverse thrusts caused by compression from the east. Strike-slip movement is not thought to be significant; however, a north-westerly trending structure, which post-dates the gold mineralisation, has been identified and may have a strike-slip component. The host rocks for the Selinsing shear zone consist of a series of finely interbedded argillites and very fine-grained arenites, along with sequences of quartz-rich, variably silicified sediments of likely tuffaceous origin, which are referred to as “felsic tuff” and a few thin beds of quartzite conglomerate. These host rocks are collectively known as “the mine sequence series”.

The mine sequence sediments are deep marine epiclastic sediments, originally laid down in l ........

The Selinsing operation consists of:
• Selinsing Gold Mine;
• Buffalo Reef Project;
• Exploration leases and blocks.

In fiscal year 2023, Monument transitioned from oxide ore mining to sulphide ore mining.

On March 27, 2023, the Company announced commencing mining high grade sulphide ores at Selinsing Gold Mine for commercial gold concentrate production. New mining equipment has been mobilized to increase mining production rates to meet the commercial production rates through the sulphide treatment plant.

Mining started at Buffalo Reef area. There are three main open pits in the Buffalo Reef area (BRC2, BRC3 and BRC4). A small satellite pit (BR North) is situated to the north about 5km from the process plant. The three main pits are designed within three separate mining stages to reduce waste stripping early on. The first stages of BRC2 and BRC3 open pits are currently being progressed to supply ore for the processing plant.

Mining Strategy and Optimization
The mining plan has been further optimized by Snowden Mining Industry Consultants Pty Ltd in March 2023. Buffalo Reef sulphide ore contains a level of arsenic (As) and at some areas - antimony (Sb), which will be carefully controlled during the operations to produce higher return gold concentrates.

Subject to our stockpile strategy, the grade control ore blocks are categorized into high, medium and lowgrade ores above the gold cut-off grade of ........

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